环境驱动的关键能力、商业模式变化类型及交互对创业企业成长绩效的影响  

Effects of Change Types of Key Competences,Business Models Driven by Environment and Their Interaction on Growth Performance of Entrepreneurial Enterprises

作　　者：黄山[1] 胡光明 陈露露 晋琳琳[1] HUANG Shan;HU Guang-ming;CHEN Lu-lu;JIN Lin-lin(School of Business Management,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学管理学院,广州510520

出　　处：《研究与发展管理》2024年第6期84-98,共15页R&D Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“战略认知与行为视角下创业企业商业模式、关键能力的共演动因和机制研究”(20BGL060)。

摘　　要：现有研究主要沿着两条独立路径考察“环境—商业模式/组织能力创新—绩效”的关系,对创业企业经营实践中面临的“何时、如何调整企业关键能力和商业模式的管理活动及二者匹配”问题,没有给予足够关注和研究。本文基于理论推导提出假设,对282家创业企业进行问卷调查和实证检验。结果表明:在适度的环境不确定性感知下,创业企业倾向于探索全新关键能力,实施商业模式激进式变化;当环境不确定性感知超过一定临界值,随着不确定性下降或提升,创业企业更倾向于利用已有关键能力,实施商业模式渐进式变化。关键能力利用与商业模式渐进式变化的交互,以及关键能力利用/探索平衡与商业模式激进式变化的交互对创业企业成长绩效有显著的正向影响,其他变化类型交互对绩效的作用不明显。基于创业企业在不同环境感知下的行为规律,本文明晰并检验了企业关键能力和商业模式变化类型之间的协同互补机制,有助于增强对动态能力发挥作用“感知、攫取、重构”过程的理解。There have been studies that mainly examine the relationship between“environment,business model/organizational capability innovation,and performance”along two independent paths,but have not given sufficient attention and research to the issue of“when and how to adjust the management activities of key competences and business models,and their matching”faced by entrepreneurial enterprises in their business practices.It proposed hypotheses based on theoretical deduction,and conducted a questionnaire survey on 282 entrepreneurial enterprises.The empirical results indicate that under moderate environmental uncertainty,entrepreneurial enterprises tend to explore new key competences and implement radical changes in business models;when the perception of environmental uncertainty exceeds a certain critical value,as the uncertainty decreases or increases,entrepreneurial enterprises are more inclined to exploit their existing key competences and implement incremental changes in business models.The interaction between the exploitation of key competences and the incremental change of business models,as well as the interaction between the balance of key competence exploitation-exploration and the radical change of business models,have a significant positive impact on the growth performance of entrepreneurial enterprises,while the interaction effects of other types of changes are not significant.Based on the behavioral patterns of entrepreneurial enterprises under different environmental perceptions,it clarifies and tests the synergistic and complementary mechanisms between the change of key competences and the change of business models,which helps to enhance the understanding of the process of“sense,seize,and reconstruct”of dynamic capabilities.

关 键 词：环境不确定性感知 关键能力利用/探索 商业模式渐进式/激进式变化 协同效应 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]