喷施亚硒酸钠对樱桃番茄果实硒含量及品质的影响  

Effects of Spraying Sodium Selenite on Selenium Content and Quality of Cherry Tomato Fruits

作　　者：曹昌龙 周喜新[1] 曾希柏 张英鹏 CAO Chang-long;ZHOU Xi-xin;ZENG Xi-bai;ZHANG Ying-peng(College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,PRC;Stanley Agriculture Group Co.,Ltd.,Linshu 276700,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]史丹利农业集团股份有限公司,山东临沭276700

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2024年第12期37-41,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(科技示范工程)(2022SFGC0305);泰山产业创新领军人才项目(TSRC202306091)。

摘　　要：以樱桃番茄为试验对象设计小区试验,设CK、SeⅣ2.5、SeⅣ5、SeⅣ10和SeⅣ20共5个处理,亚硒酸钠喷施浓度分别为0、2.5、5、10和20 g/hm^(2)(以硒计),测定番茄果实硒含量、维生素、可溶性糖、矿质元素含量等指标,研究喷施亚硒酸钠对番茄果实硒含量以及品质的影响。结果表明:(1)与CK相比,喷施亚硒酸钠处理可显著提高番茄果实中的硒含量,且随喷施亚硒酸钠浓度的升高而升高,2.5~10 g/hm^(2)浓度范围内喷施,可符合农产品行业标准0.01~0.1 mg/kg要求,20 g/hm^(2)浓度喷施则超出标准;(2)与CK相比,喷施不同浓度亚硒酸钠处理可提高番茄果实中的可溶性固形物、VC、可溶性糖和可滴定酸含量,其中可溶性固形物和VC含量达到显著水平(P<0.05),通过平均隶属函数值得出果实品质随喷施亚硒酸钠浓度升高而升高;(3)与CK相比,喷施不同浓度亚硒酸钠处理可提高果实K、Ca、Mg、Zn和Cu含量,N、P、Fe、Mn则有不同程度降低,根据变异系数大小对元素影响大小排序Cu>Mn>Ca>Zn>Mg>Fe>K>N>P,其中对Cu、Mn、Ca、Zn和Mg影响较大(CV>10%);综合番茄果实硒含量、品质及矿质元素含量指标,叶面喷施2.5~10 g/hm^(2)的亚硒酸钠,樱桃番茄果实可以达到富硒农产品行业标准要求,最佳喷施浓度为10 g/hm^(2)。A plot experiment was conducted by spraying sodium selenite on cherry tomato plants at five concentrations of 0(CK),2.5(SeⅣ2.5),5(SeⅣ5),10(SeⅣ10),and 20(SeⅣ20)g/hm^(2)(calculated by selenium).The content of selenium,vitamin,soluble sugar,and mineral elements in the fruits were measured,on the basis of which the effects of spraying sodium selenite on the selenium content and quality of cherry tomato fruits were evaluated.The results were yielded as follows.(1)Compared with CK,sodium selenite increased the selenium content in tomato fruits in a concentration-dependent manner.The selenium content in tomato fruits met the requirements of 0.01-0.1 mg/kg in the industry standard of agricultural products in the case of applying sodium selenite within the concentration range of 2.5-10 g/hm^(2),while it exceeded the upper limit in the case of applying sodium selenite at 20 g/hm^(2).(2)Compared with CK,the application of sodium selenite increased the content of soluble solids(P<0.05),VC(P<0.05),soluble sugar,and titrable acid in cherry tomato fruits.The mean value of the membership function showed that the fruit quality improved as the concentration of sodium selenite increased.(3)Compared with CK,the application of sodium selenite increased the content of K,Ca,Mg,Zn,and Cu,while decreasing the content of N,P,Fe,and Mn in tomato fruits.According to the coefficient of variation(CV),the influences of sodium selenite on the content of mineral elements followed the trend of Cu>Mn>Ca>Zn>Mg>Fe>K>N>P,being strong on Cu,Mn,Ca,Zn,and Mg(CV>10%).Considering the selenium content,quality,and mineral content of tomato fruits,spraying sodium selenite at 2.5-10 g/hm^(2)can meet the requirements of the industry standard for selenium-rich agricultural products,and the optimal spraying concentration was 10 g/hm^(2).

关 键 词：樱桃番茄 亚硒酸钠 硒含量 矿质元素 

分 类 号：S143.7[农业科学—肥料学]