某地基望远镜碳化硅主镜的结构设计及优化  

Structural Design and Optimization of SiC Mirror for the Ground-Based Telescope

作　　者：王涛[1] 汪向阳 刘瑞起 赵新宇[1] 曹永刚[1] WANG Tao;WANG Xiangyang;LIU Ruiqi;ZHAO Xinyu;CAO Yonggang(Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130033;PLA 63861 Army,Baicheng 137000)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,长春130033 [2]中国人民解放军63861部队,白城137000

出　　处：《长春理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期9-14,共6页Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：为适应不同任务场景的需求,地基望远镜逐步向车载等活动站模式发展,而主镜是地基望远镜的重要组成部件之一,其性能直接影响望远镜的成像质量和测量精度。为适应地基望远镜机动测量的需求,研究了某有效通光650 mm口径的碳化硅主镜的轻量化设计。首先确定了主镜的材料和采用经典传统模式进行支撑,然后针对支撑结构和材料特性,经综合比较确定了主镜背部采用扇形半封闭结构形式。利用先进的碳化硅烧结技术可制备异性结构的特性,结合优化设计理论,在满足主镜面型精度的前提下,对主镜进行了轻量化设计。优化后的主镜质量设计重量仅为28.25 kg,面密度为82.6 kg/m^(2),相比同等尺寸的微晶主镜质量轻量56.5%,通过不同光轴指向状态下的主镜面型仿真分析,水平状态下可达RMS值λ/47.5,天顶状态下为RMS值λ/100.6,主镜面型均满足光学设计要求,为工程设计提供了理论基础和技术储备。In order to meet the needs of different task scenarios,ground-based telescopes are gradually developing towards vehicle mounted and other active station modes.The mirror is one of the important components of ground-based telescopes,and its performance directly affects the imaging quality and measurement accuracy of the telescope.In order to meet the needs of mobile measurement of ground-based telescopes,a lightweight design of a SiC mirror with an effective aperture of 650 mm was studied.Firstly,t he material of the mirror was determined and supported using the classic traditional mode.Then,based on the supporting structure and material characteristics,a fan-shaped semi closed structure was determined for the back of the mirror through comprehensive comparison.By utilizing advanced SiC sintering technology to prepare anisotropic structures,combined with optimization design theory,the mirror was designed to be lightweight while meeting the accuracy of the main mirror surface.The optimized design weight of the mirror is only 28.25 kg,with a surface density of 82.6 kg/m^(2),which is 56.5%lighter than the microcrystalline mirror of the same size.Through simulation analysis of the mirror surface shape under different optical axis orientation states,t he RMS value can reachλ/47.5 in the horizontal state andλ/100.6 in the zenith state.The mirror surface shape meets the optical design requirements,providing a theoretical basis and technical reserve for engineering design.

关 键 词：碳化硅主镜 轻量化 有限元分析 优化设计 

分 类 号：TH745[机械工程—光学工程]