不同品种玉米籽粒成分的比较研究  

Comparative Study on Grain Composition of Different Varieties of Maize

作　　者：刘涵玉 张丰 李清超 杨珊 孙开利 章茂林 刘建新 任桂琴 罗林芬 LIU Hanyu;ZHANG Feng;LI Qingchao;YANG Shan;SUN Kaili;ZHANG Maolin;LIU Jianxin;REN Guiqin;LUO Linfen(Department of Food Science and Engineering,Moutai Institute,Zunyi Guizhou 564507,China;Bijie Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Bijie Guizhou 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]茅台学院食品科学与工程系,贵州遵义564507 [2]毕节市农业科学研究所,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《种子》2024年第12期133-137,共5页Seed

基　　金：茅台学院高层次人才科研启动经费项目(mygccrc[2022]088);农作物和食用菌种质资源精准鉴定评价(表型和基因型精准鉴定)(黔科合支撑[2022]重点025);贵州山地玉米高产抗病宜机收新品种选育(黔科合支撑[2022]重点029);毕科合重大专项([2023]5号);贵州省高层次创新型人才(毕科人才合字[2021]04号)。

摘　　要：为探讨不同玉米籽粒营养成分的含量和组成,以及各成分含量之间的关系,本试验对15个玉米品种籽粒样品的淀粉、水分、蛋白质、脂肪、维生素C(Vc)、还原糖的含量和相关性进行了分析。结果表明,供试玉米籽粒淀粉含量为70.45~74.30 g/100 g,水分含量为13.46~14.73 g/100 g,蛋白质含量为7.60~11.38 g/100 g,脂肪含量为3.27~5.14 g/100 g,还原糖含量为2.56~3.59 g/100 g, Vc含量为2.32~7.29 mg/100 g。相关性分析表明,Vc含量与蛋白质含量呈显著负相关,淀粉含量与Vc含量呈显著负相关,但脂肪含量与水分含量呈显著正相关。主成分分析表明,15个玉米品种的成分品质综合得分从大到小依次为紫单805、山玉16、惠农单15、隆玉168、山玉12、惠农单3号、金白单3号、隆单1701、新中玉4号、新中玉7号、梦玉89、隆白1号、隆玉1708、隆玉1609、新中玉666。In order to investigate the content and composition of nutrients in different maize (Zea mays L.) grains and the relationship between the content of each component, the content and correlation of starch, water, protein, fat, vitamin C(Vc) and reducing sugar in 15 maize varieties were analyzed. The results showed that starch content was from 70.45 to 74.30 g/100 g, water content was from 13.46 to 14.73 g/100 g, protein content was from 7.60 to 11.38 g/100 g, fat content was from 3.27 to 5.14 g/100 g and reducing sugar content was from 2.56 to 3.59 g/100 g, the Vc content was from 2.32 to 7.29 mg/100 g. Correlation analysis showed that Vc content was negatively correlated with protein content, starch content was negatively correlated with Vc content, but fat content was positively correlated with water content. Principal component analysis showed that the composite scores of the 15 maize varieties were Zidan805, Shanyu16, Huinongdan15, Longyu168, Shanyu12, Huinongdan No.3, Jinbaidan No.3, Longdan1701, Xinzhongyu No.4, Xinzhongyu No.7, Mengyu89, Longbai No.1 , Longyu1708, Longyu1609 and Xinzhongyu666 in order from large to small .

关 键 词：玉米籽粒 淀粉 理化性质 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]