洞庭湖水系4个淡水养殖湖表层沉积物微生物群落结构及其环境驱动因子  

Microbial Community Structure and Environmental Driving Factors in Layer Sediments from Fishing Grounds of Four Freshwater around Dongting Lake Water System

作　　者：唐白露 文晓萱 胡蓉 魏荣 周鸿 邵立业 韩庆 陈中元 唐映红 TANG Bai-lu;WEN Xiao-xuan;HU Rong;WEI Rong;ZHOU Hong;SHAO Li-ye;HAN Qing;CHEN Zhong-yuan;TANG Ying-hong(Hunan Prov.Key Lab.for Molecular Immunity Technology of Aquatic Animal Diseases,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Health Aquacul&Prod.Pro.in Dongting Lake Area,Coll.of Life&Environ′l Sci.,Hunan Uni.of Arts&Sci.,Changde 415000)

机构地区：[1]湖南文理学院生命与环境科学学院、水生动物重要疫病分子免疫技术湖南省重点实验室、环洞庭湖水产健康养殖及加工湖南省重点实验室,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《微生物学杂志》2024年第6期85-93,共9页Journal of Microbiology

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ40377);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(20C1270);湖南省教育厅创新平台项目(19K064);湖南省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2020NK2039);常德市科技创新发展专项基金项目(2019S044)。

摘　　要：为探究淡水养殖湖表层沉积物微生物群落结构及其环境影响因子,以环洞庭湖水系4个淡水养殖湖表层沉积物为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术对沉积物中微生物多样性、群落结构及其与环境因子间的响应关系进行分析。结果表明4个淡水养殖湖表层沉积物氮、磷和有机污染问题严重。物种丰富度排序为津市西湖>澧县北民湖>汉寿县安乐湖>华容县东湖,物种多样性排序为汉寿县安乐湖>澧县北民湖>津市西湖>华容县东湖。沉积物中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的相对丰度最大,细菌以在属水平上没有明确的分类信息或分类名称的菌属及未能在体外分离培养的菌属为主。Spearman相关性分析表明pH、硝态氮、铵态氮、有机磷和无机磷是影响沉积物细菌群落结构的主要因素。冗余分析表明,铵态氮是影响沉积物细菌群落结构的关键环境驱动因子。研究结果可为淡水养殖湖的治理和维护提供参考,推动环洞庭湖水系水产养殖业的健康、可持续发展。In order to explore the microbial diversity,community structure and environmental influencing factors of surface sediments in fishing grounds of freshwater lakes,the surface sediments from fishing grounds of four freshwater lakes around Dongting Lake water system were collected,then microbial diversity and community structure were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon high-throughput sequencing.Meanwhile,the microbial diversity,community structure and response relationship with environmental factors were analyzed.The results showed that nitrogen,phosphorus and organic pollution problems are serious of layer sediments from fishing grounds of four freshwater lakes around Dongting Lake.The species abundance in four lakes are West Lake in Jinshi City>Beimin Lake in Li County>Anle Lake in Hanshou County>East Lake in Huarong County,the species diversity in four lakes are Anle Lake in Hanshou County>Beimin Lake in Li County>West Lake in Jinshi City>East Lake in Huarong County.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in sediments is the largest,and the genera with no clear taxonomic information or taxonomic name and the genera that could not be isolated and cultured in vitro are the main bacterial genus.Spearman′s reciprocity analysis showed that pH,NO-3-N,NH+4-N,OP and IP are the main factors affecting the microbial community structure in sediments.Redundancy analysis showed that NH+4-N was the key environmental driving factor affecting the microbial community structure in sediments.The above results could provide a theoretical basis for the management and maintenance of fishing grounds of freshwater lakes,and promote the healthy and sustainable development of aquaculture industry in lakes around Dongting Lake water system.

关 键 词：淡水养殖湖 表层沉积物 环境因子 细菌群落结构 微生物多样性 高通量测序技术 

分 类 号：Q939.9[生物学—微生物学]