三都水族自治县3~14岁儿童先天性心脏病患病情况调查  

Investigation of Congenital Heart Disease Prevalence among 3to 14-Year-Old Children in Sandu Shui Autonomous County,Guizhou Province

作　　者：徐鸿鸣 陈玲玲 罗胜钗 黄泽萍 XU Hong-ming;CHEN Ling-ling;LUO Sheng-chai;HUANG Ze-ping(Sandu County People's Hospital,Sandu,558100,Guizhou;Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Minority Diseases of Ministry of Education(Guizhou Medical University),Guiyang,550004,Guizhou;Guiding County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiding,551300,Guizhou)

机构地区：[1]三都县人民医院,贵州三都558100 [2]地方病与少数民族疾病教育部重点实验室/贵州医科大学,贵州贵阳550004 [3]贵定县中医医院,贵州贵定551300

出　　处：《黔南民族医专学报》2024年第4期411-414,共4页Journal of Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities

基　　金：贵州省教育厅教育部重点实验室2022年度开放基金项目(黔教技〔2022〕444号);贵州省卫健委2023年度科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2023-215)。

摘　　要：目的:了解贵州省三都水族自治县3~14岁在校儿童先天性心脏病(CHD)的患病情况。方法:对贵州省三都水族自治县44739名3~14岁幼儿园和小学儿童进行CHD患病情况调查,按照入校初筛、集中进行心脏彩超确诊的筛查方式进行普查。结果:三都水族自治县3~14岁在校儿童共检出CHD患儿109例,总体患病率为2.44‰;女性为2.34‰,男性为2.51‰,男女儿童患病率无差异(χ^(2)=0.133,P=0.716);水族、布依族、苗族、汉族的患病率分别为2.27‰、3.46‰、2.58‰、1.64‰,各民族患病率无差异(χ^(2)=4.747,P=0.314);3~7岁、8~10、11~14岁组的患病率为4.72‰、1.70‰、1.65‰,3~7岁组患病率最高(χ^(2)=12.561,P=0.002);病种构成比顺位排序依次为:室间隔缺损41例(37.61%),房间隔缺损26例(23.85%),动脉导管未闭45例(12.84%),共存两种以上畸形8例(7.34%),肺动脉瓣狭窄8例(7.34%),法洛氏四联症5例(4.59%),卵圆孔未闭5例(4.59%),主动脉瓣狭窄2例(1.84%)。结论:贵州省三都水族自治县3~14岁在校学生CHD患病率2.44‰,复杂先心病和多种畸形患儿较多,防控工作需要加强。Objective:To investigate the prevalence of congenital heart disease(CHD)among 3 to 14-year-old school children in Sandu Shui Autonomous County,Guizhou Province.Methods:A total of 44,739 children aged 3 to 14 years from kindergartens and primary schools in Sandu Shui Autonomous County were surveyed.The screening process involved an initial on-site preliminary examination followed by centralized confirmatory diagnosis using echocardiography.Results:Among the surveyed children,109 cases of CHD were identified,resulting in an overall prevalence rate of 2.44‰.The prevalence rates for female and male children were 2.34‰and 2.51‰,respectively,with no significant difference between genders(χ^(2)=0.133,P=0.716).The prevalence rates for the Shui,Bouyei,Miao,and Han ethnic groups were 2.27‰,3.46‰,2.58‰,and 1.64‰,respectively,with no significant differences across ethnicities(χ^(2)=4.747,P=0.314).The prevalence rates for the age groups 3–7 years,8–10 years,and 11–14 years were 4.72‰,1.70‰,and 1.65‰,respectively,with the highest prevalence observed in the 3–7 years group(χ^(2)=12.561,P=0.002).The types of CHD were ranked as follows:ventricular septal defect(41 cases,37.61%),atrial septal defect(26 cases,23.85%),patent ductus arteriosus(45 cases,12.84%),multiple malformations(8 cases,7.34%),pulmonary valve stenosis(8 cases,7.34%),tetralogy of Fallot(5 cases,4.59%),patent foramen ovale(5 cases,4.59%),and aortic valve stenosis(2 cases,1.84%).Conclusion:The prevalence of CHD among 3 to 14-year-old school children in Sandu Shui Autonomous County is 2.44‰,with a notable presence of complex congenital heart diseases and multiple malformations.Strengthened prevention and control measures are needed.

关 键 词：先天性心脏病 儿童 患病情况 调查 水族 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]