cGAS-STING通路在糖尿病干眼中的作用及研究进展  

Role and research progress in the cGAS-STING pathway in diabetic dry eyes

作　　者：孙霞 李元彬[2] SUN Xia;LI Yuanbin(The Second Clinical Medical College of Binzhou Medical College,Yantai 264000,Shandong Province,China;Department of Ophthalmology,the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University,Yantai 264000,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院第二临床医学院,山东省烟台市264000 [2]青岛大学附属烟台毓璜顶医院眼科,山东省烟台市264000

出　　处：《眼科新进展》2025年第1期77-81,共5页Recent Advances in Ophthalmology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助项目(编号:ZR2023QH479)。

摘　　要：干眼是糖尿病(DM)患者较易合并的病症,是一种由多种因素引起的眼表疾病,其主要特征是泪膜稳定性失衡和眼部不适感。干眼发病机制复杂,角膜周围神经病变、泪液成分及渗透压变化、泪膜稳定性降低、眼表炎症等均是重要因素。环磷酸鸟苷-腺苷酸合成酶(cGAS)-干扰素基因刺激因子(STING)信号通路在炎症反应中起关键的调节作用:角膜氧化应激会导致线粒体损伤,受损的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)释放到细胞质中,激活cGAS-STING通路,进而引发干扰素释放和炎症扩大。本文综述了DM干眼的病理机制,并探讨cGAS-STING通路在DM干眼发病机制中的调控作用,为该病的治疗提供新的靶点和策略。Dry eyes,a condition that is more likely to be comorbid in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM),is an ocular surface disease caused by a variety of factors,and it is mainly characterized by an imbalance of tear film stability and ocular discomfort.The pathogenesis of this disease is complex,mainly involving peripheral corneal neuropathy,changes in tear composition and osmolarity,decreased tear film stability,and ocular surface inflammation.The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signaling pathway plays a key role in the inflammatory response:corneal oxidative stress may lead to mitochondrial damage,and damaged mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)is released into the cytoplasm to activate the cGAS-STING pathway,which triggers the release of interferon and the aggravation of inflammation.This article reviews the pathological mechanisms of dry eyes in DM and explores the regulatory role of the cGAS-STING pathway in the pathogenesis of this disease,thus providing new targets and strategies for the treatment of this disease.

关 键 词：糖尿病干眼 线粒体DNA cGAS-STING通路 眼部炎症 角膜上皮细胞 

分 类 号：R777.2[医药卫生—眼科]