碘缺乏病防控措施对青海省8县8~10岁儿童智力发育影响  

Effect of IDD prevention and control measures on intelligence development of children aged 8-10 in 8 counties of Qinghai Province

作　　者：杨佩珍[1] 李亚楠[1] 蒲光兰[1] 马静[1] 王明君 沈洪婷[1] 周昕[1] 甘培春[1] 胡兰盛[1] 陈勋[1] 张金梅 孟献亚[1] YANG Peizhen;LI Yanan;PU Guanglan;MA Jing;WANG Mingjun;SHEN Hongting;ZHOU Xin;GAN Peichun;HU Lansheng;CHEN Xun;ZHANG Jinmei;MENG Xianya(Qinghai Provincial Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention,Xining,Qinghai 811602,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所,青海西宁811602

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2024年第6期467-469,共3页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

摘　　要：目的调查实施碘缺乏病(IDD)防控措施11年后,青海省8县8~10岁在校儿童的碘营养和智力发展状况,以评估干预措施对保护儿童智力发育的影响。方法对8个乡(镇)中心小学校中的8~10岁儿童,进行家(学校)中盐碘含量测定、尿中碘含量检测和校正IQ值观察,校正IQ值=(IQ起点值-当年IQ值)-FE增益量(0.74点/年计算)。结果2007年历史调查资料显示,全省碘盐半定量监测“无碘率”高达26.47%(387/1462),8~10岁儿童尿碘中位数为154.20μg/L,智商均值仅为88.67±16.04(智商分级属“中下”水平);自2012年开始全省实施IDD防控措施;2023年调查8县碘盐覆盖率为99.88%(1607/1609),合格碘盐食用率为95.83%(1542/1609);尿碘中位数为232.9μg/L,无<100μg/L的县,碘营养整体适宜;经过FE增益量校正后,提示干预措施能挽回8县8~10岁儿童9.49个IQ点(智商均值为106.30±11.43,分级属“中等”水平)。结论坚持持续的普遍食盐加碘防控IDD对儿童智力发育起到显著促进作用,对提高人群整体素质具有实际意义。Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition and intellectual development of school children aged 8-10 in 8 counties of Qinghai Province after the implementation of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)prevention and control measures for 11 years,so as to evaluate the impact of intervention measures on the protection of children's intellectual development.Methods Children aged 8 to 10 years old in 8 rural(town)central primary schools were tested for salt iodine content at home(school),iodine content in urine and corrected IQ value observation.Corrected IQ value=(IQ starting point-IQ value of the year)-FE gain(0.74 points per year).Results According to the historical survey data in 2007,the"iodine-free rate"of iodized salt in the province was as high as 26.47%(387/1462),the median urinary iodine of children aged 8-10 was 154.20μg/L,and the average IQ was only 88.67±16.04(IQ grade was"lower middle"level).Since 2012,the province has implemented IDD prevention and control measures.In 2023,the coverage rate of iodized salt in 8 counties was 99.88%(1607/1609),and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 95.83%(1542/1609).The median urinary iodine was 232.9μg/L,no county was less than 100μg/L,iodine nutrition was generally suitable.The results indicated that the intervention could save 9.49 IQ points of the children aged 8-10 years in 8 counties(average IQ was 106.30±11.43,classified as"medium"level).Conclusion Persisting in the prevention and control of IDD by common salt iodization can significantly promote the intellectual development of children,and has practical significance for improving the overall quality of the population.

关 键 词：碘 缺乏症 防控 儿童 智力发育 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]