2023年沧州市食品中化学污染物及有害因子状况调查  

Survey on chemical pollutants and harmful factors in food in Cangzhou City in 2023

作　　者：李俊江 邵寒冰 杨莹[3] 徐娜 张瑞 LI Junjiang;SHAO Hanbing;YANG Ying;XU Na;ZHANG Rui(The First Clinical Medical College,Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050000,China;Physical and Chemical Laboratory,Cangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Cnagzhou,Hebei 061000,China;General Office,Cangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Cnagzhou,Hebei 061000,China;Microbiological Laboratory,Cangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Cnagzhou,Hebei 061000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学第一临床医学院,河北石家庄050000 [2]沧州市疾病预防控制中心理化检验科,河北沧州061000 [3]沧州市疾病预防控制中心综合办公室,河北沧州061000 [4]沧州市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第21期2919-2924,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：沧州市科技计划自筹经费项目(222106004);国家基本公共卫生服务项目-重大疾病与健康危害因素监测(冀财社[2020]182号)。

摘　　要：目的全面了解沧州市市售食品中化学污染物及其有害因素的污染状况,确定污染物的分布特征,为食品安全防控工作提供数据支撑。方法根据《2023年国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》,2023年在沧州市16个县区内的农贸市场、超市等不同采购环节进行样品采集,开展化学污染物及有害因子检测,并对数据进行分析。结果245份抽检样品中阳性样品共检出109份,总检出率为44.1%;超标样品检出2份,超标率为0.8%。监测指标5618项次,共检出1491项次,检出率为26.5%;超标2项次,超标率为0.04%。水产品阳性检出率最高,为78.6%(22/28);农药类检出率最高,为83.5%(71/85);农贸市场中样品阳性检出率最高,为52.7%(39/72);超标样品分别为花生[黄曲霉毒素B1(aflatoxin detoxification,AFB1)]、姜(毒死蜱)。不同采购环节样品检出率、监测项目检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);样品中不同类型污染物及其有害因素阳性检出率、监测测项目检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论2023年沧州市市售食品有不同程度的污染,主要分布在水产品中,场所主要为农贸市场,农药类检出最高,但整体在可控范围,应继续加强监管。Objective To comprehensively understand the pollution status of chemical pollutants and their harmful factors in food sold in Cangzhou City,determine the distribution characteristics of pollutants,and provide data support for food safety prevention and control work.Methods According to the"2023 National Food Pollutants and Harmful Factors Risk Monitoring Work Manual",samples were collected from different procurement links such as agricultural markets and supermarkets in 16 counties and districts of Cangzhou City in 2023,and carry out the detection of chemical pollutants and harmful factors,and the data were analyzed.Results A total of 109 positive samples were detected in 245 samples,the total detection rate was 44.1%.Two samples exceeded the standard,with an exceeding rate of 0.8%.There were 5618 monitoring indicators,and 1491 were detected,the detection rate was 26.5%.Two items exceeded the standard,the exceeding rate was 0.04%.The highest positive detection rate of aquatic products was 78.6%(22/28).The highest detection rate of pesticides was 83.5%(71/85).The highest positive rate was52.7% in the farmer's market(39/72).The samples exceeding the standard were peanut[aflatoxin detoxification(AFB1)]and ginger(chlorpyrifos).The detection rates of samples in different procurement stages and monitoring items were compared,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The positive detection rates of different types of pollutants and their harmful factors in the samples,as well as the detection rates of monitoring items were compared,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion In 2023,the food sold in Cangzhou City have different degrees of pollution,mainly distributed in aquatic products,mainly in agricultural markets,with the highest detection of pesticides,but overall it is within a controllable range,and supervision should continue to be strengthened.

关 键 词：化学污染物 检出率 超标 污染 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]