山东章丘焦家遗址(2016)出土炭化植物遗存分析  

Analysis of Carbonized Plant Remains Excavated from Jiaojia Site in Zhangqiu,Shandong Province(2016)

作　　者：吴瑞静 王芬[3] 范宪军 靳桂云[3,4] Wu Ruijing;Wang Fen;Fan Xianjun;Jin Guiyun

机构地区：[1]湖南省文物考古研究院 [2]山东大学历史文化学院 [3]山东大学考古学院 [4]山东大学环境与社会考古国际合作联合实验室

出　　处：《南方文物》2024年第5期214-224,共11页Cultural Relics in Southern China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于环境与农业的鲁北地区龙山文化人地关系研究”(项目编号:41771230);国家社科基金重大项目“章丘焦家遗址发掘报告(2016—2017年)”(项目编号:18ZDA227);山东大学青年交叉科学创新群体建设项目(项目编号:2020QNQT018)的共同资助。

摘　　要：焦家遗址出土的炭化植物遗存,为了解该遗址从大汶口文化到汉代的农业和生业等问题提供了重要证据。浮选结果表明,大汶口文化中晚期农业主体地位已经确立,形成了以粟为主、黍次之的旱作农业,同时种植大豆和大麻。龙山文化基本延续了大汶口文化中晚期的农作物结构。岳石文化时期,粟、黍种植得到进一步强化,大豆和小麦没有明显发展。汉代,粟仍有绝对优势,黍的地位明显下降,大豆和小麦发展缓慢,新出现了豇豆属。采集经济长期存在,但随着时代变化,采集种类和所占比例有减少趋势。The charred plant remains recovered from Jiaojia Site in 2016 provide abundant materials for researching agriculture and subsistence during Dawenkou culture and Han Dynasty.The result of 2016 flotation shows that in the middle and late period of Dawenkou,the dominance of agriculture has been established,and dry farming dominated by foxtail millet and broomcorn millet has been formed,at the same time,soybean and hemp were planted as well.Longshan culture basically continued the agricultural pattern of Dawenkou period.Millets planting further increased in YueShi culture,while soybean and wheat had no significant development.When it came to Han dynasty,foxtail millet still occupied absolute superiority as before,broomcorn millet declined obviously,soybean and wheat developed slowly.Gathering existed during the whole process as a supplement to agriculture,but the collection types and proportion tended to decrease with the change of times.

关 键 词：焦家遗址 大汶口文化 生业经济 旱作农业 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]