芹菜生物碳及其复合材料的制备、表征和燃烧催化性能研究  

Preparation,Characterization and Combustion Catalytic Performance of Celery Biochar and Its Composite Materials

作　　者：张引莉[1] 高丰琴[1] 刘洋[1] 李午戊[1] 齐珂琪 范广[1] ZHANG Yin-li;GAO Feng-qin;LIU Yang;LI Wu-wu;QI Ke-qi;FAN Guang(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xianyang Normal University,Xianyang 712000,China)

机构地区：[1]咸阳师范学院化学与化工学院,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《化学试剂》2025年第1期51-60,共10页Chemical Reagents

基　　金：陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(22JK0605);咸阳市重点研发计划项目(L2023-ZDYF-QYCX-030);咸阳师范学院科研工作创新专项项目(XSYK20037);咸阳师范学院创新训练项目(XYSFXY2023114);咸阳师范学院教改项目(2023C86,2021Y015);咸阳师范学院2024年基础教育实践研究项目(sjxm202412)。

摘　　要：碳材料因其独特的电子结构和高比表面积,能够有效地催化含能材料的分解反应,从而提高能量释放的效率和速率。以芹菜为原料通过热解方式制备了生物碳及其复合物:QC-760、QC@Fe-760、QC@Bi-760、QC@Fe^(0)-760、QC@Fe-450和QC@Bi-450。首先,利用IR、XRD、SEM和BET等对其做了相关表征,结果表明,相对于芹菜粉末,QC-760的比表面积增大了17倍。其次,探究了芹菜生物碳及其复合物对高氯酸铵(AP)、奥克托金(HMX)和黑索金(RDX)的热分解行为的影响,结果表明,生物碳及其复合物均对AP、RDX和HMX的分解过程影响较大;其中,QC@Bi-450对AP催化性能最佳,放热量达到3344 J/g;QC-760对RDX的催化性能最好,使其放热峰温提前了41.1℃,放热量增加了713 J/g;QC@Fe^(0)-760使HMX分解峰温提前了82℃。最后,测试了样品对罗丹明B的吸附性能,发现搅拌时间为80 min,样品质量为2 mg/mL,罗丹明B浓度为350 mg/L时,QC-760吸附性能最好。Carbon materials,due to their unique electronic structure and high specific surface area,can effectively catalyze the decomposition reactions of energetic materials,thereby improving the efficiency and rate of energy release.Biological carbon and its composites,QC-760,QC@Fe-760,QC@Bi-760,QC@Fe^(0)-760,QC@Fe-450,and QC@Bi-450,were prepared from celery as raw material through pyrolysis.Firstly,characterization was performed using IR,XRD,SEM,and BET,and the results showed that the specific surface area of QC-760 increased by 17 times compared to celery powder.Secondly,the effects of celery biochar and its composites on the thermal decomposition behavior of ammonium perchlorate(AP),octogen(HMX),and cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine(RDX)were investigated.The results indicated that the biochar and its composites had a significant impact on the decomposition process of AP,RDX,and HMX;among them,QC@Bi-450 had the best catalytic performance for AP,with an exothermic heat reaching 3344 J/g;QC-760 had the best catalytic performance for RDX,advancing its exothermic peak temperature by 41.1℃ and increasing the exothermic heat by 713 J/g;QC@Fe^(0)-760 advanced the decomposition peak temperature of HMX by 82℃.Finally,the adsorption performance of the samples on Rhodamine B was tested,and it was found that when the stirring time was 80 minutes,the sample mass was 2 mg/L,and the Rhodamine B concentration was 350 mg/L,QC-760 had the best adsorption performance.

关 键 词：生物碳 催化 含能材料 芹菜 热分解 

分 类 号：O613.71[理学—无机化学]