四川省小麦黄斑叶枯病病原菌生理小种鉴定  

Race identification of pathogen causing wheat tan spot in Sichuan province

作　　者：黎青[1,2] 魏真真[1] 王毛 雷应华 SHI Gong-jun[3] 郭静微 LI Qing;WEI Zhen-zhen;WANG Mao;LEI Ying-hua;HI Gong-jun;CUO Jing-wei(Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,China;Chongqing Industry and Trade Polytechnic,Fuling,Chongqing 408000,China;North Dakota State University,Department of Plant Pathology,Fargo 58108,USA)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所,成都610066 [2]重庆工贸职业技术学院,重庆涪陵408000 [3]美国北达科他州立大学,植物病理系,美国法戈58108

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第10期2210-2216,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202203608)。

摘　　要：[目的]对四川省主要小麦产区的小麦黄斑叶枯病致病菌进行分离与鉴定,分析其致病基因组成,探究其致病菌的致病力,明确其生理小种类型,为小麦黄斑叶枯病的防治提供理论基础。[方法]于2021—2022年在四川主要小麦产区采集小麦叶枯病样本,经病原菌分离,通过形态学观察分析,内部转录间隔区(Internal transcribed spacer, ITS)序列分析,利用致病基因(Ptr ToxA、ToxB和ToxC)扩增和小麦黄斑叶枯病鉴定系致病性测定相结合的方法对病原菌进行鉴定。[结果]在小麦叶枯病样本中共分离并鉴定出3个小麦黄斑叶枯病病原菌菌株,均为Pyrenophora tritici-repentis,其在所有分离得到的小麦叶枯病病原菌中所占比例较小。对3个小麦黄斑叶枯病病原菌菌落和分生孢子进行形态学观察,未发现显著差异,符合病原菌形态学鉴定标准。进一步对3个小麦黄斑叶枯病病原菌进行ITS序列分析,结果显示3个菌株与参考基因组(ID:AM887509)的ITS序列相似性达到100%。对致病基因Ptr ToxA、ToxB、ToxC进行扩增,3个菌株在ToxA和ToxB基因的位点上均未扩增出任何片段,但在ToxC基因位点上均成功扩增出约500 bp的条带。病原菌致病性鉴定结果显示,分离得到的菌株在Prosper和6B365品种上表现出较强的致病性,引起大面积叶片黄化,而在Glenlea和6B662品种上则未出现明显的叶片坏死或黄化症状。在四川省主要小麦产区收集到的小麦黄斑叶枯病致病菌为P.tritici-repentis生理小种3。[结论]本研究系国内首次针对P.tritici-repentis不同生理小种进行鉴定报道,将为我国在小麦黄斑叶枯病的防治上提供重要参考。【Objective】The study aimed to isolate and identify the pathogenic fungi causing wheat tan spot in the main wheat-growing regions of Sichuan province,analyze the composition of their pathogenic genes,investigate the pathogenicity of the fungi,and to clarify their physiological races,thereby providing a theoretical foundation for the control of wheat tan spot.【Method】From 2021 to 2022,wheat leaf samples were collected from major wheat producing areas in Sichuan province.Pathogens were isolated and characterized by a combination of morphological observation,internal transcribed spacer(ITS)sequence analysis,amplification of pathogenic genes(Ptr ToxA,ToxB and ToxC)and pathogenicity test.【Result】In the experiment,three pathogenic isolates of wheat tan spot were isolated and identified,all of which were identified as Pyrenophora tritici-repentis.These isolates accounted for a small proportion of all the isolated wheat leaf blight pathogens.Morphological observation of their colonies and conidia revealed no significant differences,meeting the standards for pathogen morphological identification.Further ITS sequence analysis showed that the ITS sequences of the three isolates were 100%identical to the reference genome(ID:AM887509).PCR amplification of the pathogenic genes Ptr ToxA,ToxB,and ToxC revealed no amplification at the ToxA and ToxB loci in any of the isolates,but approximately 500 bp fragments were successfully amplified at the ToxC locus in all three isolates.Pathogenicity tests showed that the local isolates exhibited strong pathogenicity on the wheat varieties Prosper and 6B365,causing widespread leaf chlorosis,while no significant leaf necrosis or chlorosis was observed on Glenlea and 6B662.In conclusion,the wheat tan spot pathogen collected from Sichuan province was identified as P.tritici-repentis race 3.【Conclusion】This is the first report about the race identification of P.tritici-repentis in China.The research will offer valuable insights for the management and prevention of wheat tan spot

关 键 词：小麦黄斑叶枯病 Pyrenophora tritici-repentis 生理小种鉴定 致病性鉴定 致病基因 

分 类 号：S435.121.48[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]