生活治理:新时代国家引领农民生活的基本逻辑  

Life Governance:The Basic Logic of Leading Farmers' Life in Transition Countries

作　　者：杜鹏[1] DU Peng

机构地区：[1]南开大学社会学院

出　　处：《社会科学》2024年第12期135-145,共11页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“乡村振兴背景下的人居环境建设实践与生活治理机制研究”(项目编号:22BSH074)的研究成果。

摘　　要：生活治理是国家引领农民生活的重要方式。当前乡村社会变迁和国家权力下沉赋予了生活治理鲜明的时代特征:一方面,国家自上而下输入的资源、规则为生活治理提供了更具可操作性的制度通道;另一方面,乡村治理中的资源依赖钝化了国家对于乡村生活秩序的感知和调控,国家引领生活的努力并不总是可以达到预期效果。国家权力能否在深入日常生活脉络的同时超越琐碎的问题化了的生活片段,开辟具有延展性和包容性的生活治理路径,决定着新时代生活治理的生命力。基于权力“切口”的个体性与社会性、权力“指向”的物质性与价值性这两个维度,可以建构出行政、教化、动员和服务等四种生活治理路径,不同路径回应了日常生活系统中溢出的不同问题,承载了国家权力与社会生活融合的不同方式。生活治理包含“前台”和“后台”两个层次的场景,这种区分在国家权力的日常生活脉络中建立了一定的缓冲区,客观上有利于保护日常生活的主体性,避免国家对于乡村生活的过度干预。生活治理不仅是乡村治理的深化,更是新时代国家建设的必由之路。Life governance is an important way for the state to lead the lives of farmers. The current transformation of rural society and the descent of state power endow life governance with distinct contemporary characteristics: on the one hand, the resources and rules imported from above by the state provide more operable institutional channels for life governance;on the other hand, the resource dependence in rural governance blunts the state's perception and regulation of rural life order, and the state's efforts to lead life are not always able to achieve the expected results. Whether state power can delve into the minutiae of daily life while transcending the fragmented and problematized life segments and pioneer life governance paths that are expansive and inclusive determines the vitality of life governance in the new era. Based on the two dimensions of individuality and sociality of power cuts, and the dual dimensions of materiality and value orientation of power direction, four types of life governance pathways can be constructed, namely administrative, educational, mobilization, and service pathways.Different pathways respond to different problems that overflow from the daily life system, and bear different ways of integrating state power and social life. Life governance comprises two layers of scenes, “front stage” and “backstage”, which establish a certain buffer zone in the daily life patterns of state power, objectively benefiting the protection of the subjectivity of daily life and avoiding excessive intervention by the state in rural life. Life governance is not only the deepening of rural governance, but also an inevitable path for national construction in the new era.

关 键 词：生活治理 日常生活 乡村社会 国家权力 

分 类 号：C912.82[经济管理]