明代医家孙一奎论治鼻病特色探析  

Analysis of the Characteristics of Treating Nasal Diseases by Ming Dynasty Medical Expert SUN Yikui

作　　者：张思源 吴元洁[2] 施丽丽[3] 徐慧[2] 徐诚博 ZHANG Siyuan;WU Yuanjie;SHI Lili;XU Hui;XU Chengbo(First Clinical School of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Hefei 230001,China;School of Chinese Medicine of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Hefei 230001,China;Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Hefei 230001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽中医药大学第一临床医学院,安徽合肥230001 [2]安徽中医药大学中医学院,安徽合肥230001 [3]安徽中医药大学第二附属医院,安徽合肥230001

出　　处：《陕西中医药大学学报》2025年第1期33-36,共4页Journal of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中医基础理论国家线下一流课程建设项目(2020130809);安徽中医药大学2021年国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(202110369077):安徽中医药大学探索性科研项目:新安医家疫病诊治经验的价值挖掘研究(2021zxts18)。

摘　　要：对《孙文垣医案》《赤水玄珠》《医旨绪余》中鼻病的病例与论述进行分析,归纳出孙一奎从经气逆乱鼻鼽、鼻渊、鼻衄的因机证治特色。其论鼻鼽,追溯经旨,补叙鼻鼽内外病因;虽系火热司令,亦必先有胃肠氲浊壅遏肺经。其论鼻渊,认为病机在于太阴阳明经气上逆于咽,颃颡不开;太阳阳明经气上逆于脑,薄于頞中;肾不纳气,津液之气循经上逆鼻窍。其论鼻衄,认为病机在于胃经血热,肺气不降;肝经气逆,脾血妄行。孙氏从经气逆乱论治鼻病的学术特色,丰富了中医鼻病因机证治理论,有助于发挥传统中医药治疗五官科疾病的优势。This article analyzes the cases and discussions of nasal diseases in The Medical Cases of Sun Wenyuan,Chi Shui Xuan Zhu and Yi Zhi Xu Yu,and summarizes the characteristics of SUN Yikui's treatment of nasal congestion,nasal sinusitis,and nose bleeds based on the causes and mechanisms of Qi reversal.On the nasal cavity,trace the essence of the meridians,and supplement the internal and external causes of the nasal cavity;Although it is a fiery commander,there must first be gastrointestinal obstruction that suppresses the lung meridian.On the theory of nasosinusitis,it is believed that the pathogenesis lies in the obstruction of the meridians and Qi to the throat due to excessive Yin and Yang,resulting in the inability to open the throat;The meridians of the Taiyang Yangming are opposite to those of the brain and thinner than those of the body;The kidneys do not absorb Qi,and the Qi of the body fluid flows through the meridians and goes against the nasal opening.Regarding nose bleeding,it is believed that the pathogenesis lies in the heat of blood in the stomach meridian and the inability to lower lung Qi;The liver meridian Qi is reversed,and spleen blood is flowing recklessly.SUN's academic characteristics in treating nasal diseases based on the theory of meridian Qi reversal disorder have enriched the theory of traditional Chinese medicine in treating nasal diseases according to their causes and mechanisms,and helped to leverage the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine in treating diseases related to the five senses.

关 键 词：孙一奎 鼻鼽 鼻渊 鼻衄 五官科 

分 类 号：R276.1[医药卫生—中医五官科学]