糯小麦强、弱势粒胚乳细胞发育和淀粉体积累的比较  

Comparison of Waxy Wheat Endosperm Development and Amyloplast Accumulation between Superior and Inferior Grains

作　　者：杨凯博 孙家涛 李静 仇会霞 王瑞雪 刘娟 YANG Kaibo;SUN Jiatao;LI Jing;QIU Huixia;WANG Ruixue;LIU Juan(School of Life Sciences,Dezhou University,Dezhou Shandong 253023,China;Xiajin County Agricultural andRural Bureau,Dezhou Shandong 253200,China;Dezhou 10th middle school,Dezhou Shandong 253000,China)

机构地区：[1]德州学院生命科学学院,山东德州253023 [2]夏津县农业农村局,山东德州253200 [3]德州市第十中学,山东德州253000

出　　处：《德州学院学报》2024年第6期20-23,共4页Journal of Dezhou University

基　　金：全国大学生创新创业训练项目(S202310448113);德州学院科研项目(2023XKZX016);德州学院实验技术研究项目(SYJS23002)。

摘　　要：小麦籽粒发育与穗位和粒位密切相关,为探明糯小麦胚乳细胞发育及淀粉体积累特征,本实验以全糯性小麦品种石麦19-N为试验材料,采用半薄树脂切片技术观察不同发育天数强、弱势籽粒胚乳细胞和淀粉体的结构特征。结果表明,强势粒胚乳细胞发育较弱势粒更快,A-型大淀粉体的充实程度更高;相比背部中心胚乳区,腹部中心胚乳区的淀粉体均积累多且快;B-型小淀粉体出现较晚,在背部胚乳中心区和弱势粒中积累较多。表明A-型大淀粉体是影响小麦籽粒粒重的关键因素。The development of wheat grains is closely related to spike position and grain position.Shimai19-N,a fully waxy wheat variety,was used as the material to investigate endosperm development and amyloplast accumulation in superior and inferior grains by the methods of semi-thin sections.The results showed that superior grains developed better and had higherdegree of starch enrichment than inferior grains.A-amyloplastswere mainly present,and accumulated faster and more in central ventral endosperm regions than in central dorsal endosperm regions.B-type small amyloplasts appeared relatively later,and accumulated more in the central dorsal endosperm regions and inferior grains.These results suggested that the A-amyloplast plays a crucial role in determining grain weight.

关 键 词：糯小麦 强势粒 弱势粒 胚乳 淀粉体 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]