西藏雅砻河流域生态系统服务价值地形梯度分异及驱动因素  

Terrain gradient differentiation and driving factors of ecosystem service value of the Yalong River Basin in Tibet

作　　者：周建伟 吴华 许童 陈琳娜 孔玉忠 赵鑫永 郭齐韵 李佳潼 张泽林 朱康成 张晨光 Zhou Jianwei;Wu Hua;Xu Tong;Chen Linna;Kong Yuzhong;Zhao Xinyong;Guo Qiyun;Li Jiatong;Zhang Zelin;Zhu Kangcheng;Zhang Chenguang(School of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;Joint Laboratory of Plateau Surface Remote Sensing,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;School of Engineering,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学生态环境学院,拉萨850000 [2]西藏大学高原地表环境遥感监测联合实验室,拉萨850000 [3]西藏大学工学院,拉萨850000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第2期396-406,共11页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：西藏大学人才创新团队与实验室平台建设项目(2022ZDTD10);中央引导地方项目(XZ202401YD0028);中国科学院“西部之光”访问学者项目;中央支持地方部区合建项目(藏财预指【2023】1号)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析雅砻河流域生态系统服务价值的变化,为流域生态文明建设提供科学依据。[方法]基于高精度土地利用数据,运用地形梯度分级、标准差椭圆和地理探测器,探究了近20年流域生态系统服务价值(Ecosystem service value,ESV)的时空演变和地形梯度分异特征。[结果](1)草地是流域主要的土地利用类型,占比达92.45%。研究期内林地、灌木和草地面积有所减少,其他类型有所增加;(2)流域ESV在研究期间增长了0.13%(0.16亿元),ESV在空间上呈现出东南部高西北部低的特征。随着海拔、坡度和地形起伏度的抬升,ESV呈先增后降的分布规律,坡向梯度呈阴坡高于阳坡的特征。(3)流域ESV的标准差椭圆和重心在研究期内逐渐向西南方向移动,并趋于聚集。ESV的空间分异主要受自然和经济因子的影响,其中年均地温是主导因子(q=0.24),任意因子交互均增强了其分异性。[结论]依据雅砻河流域ESV的时空和地形分布特征,采取因地制宜的生态保护措施,促进流域生态环境的可持续发展。[Objective]The aims of this study are to analyze the spatiotemporal changes of ecosystem service value(ESV)in the Yalong River Basin,and to provide scientific underpinnings for the ecological civilization development of the watershed.[Methods]High-resolution land use data,terrain gradient stratification,standard deviational ellipse and Geodetector were utilized to study the changes and terrain gradient differentiation in ESV over the past two decades.[Results](1)Grassland was the predominant land use type,accounting for 92.45%of the area.During the study period,there was the decrease in the extent of forestland,shrub,and grassland,while other land types expanded.(2)The ESV of the basin increased by 0.13%(16 million yuan),with spatial distribution characterized by higher values in the southeast and lower values in the northwest.ESV exhibited an initial increase followed by a decrease in relation to elevation,slope,and relief degree of land surface,with higher values on shady slopes compared to sunny slopes.(3)The spatial distribution and centroid of the ESV shifted southwestward and became more concentrated over time.Spatial differentiation of ESV was influenced by both natural and economic factors,with mean annual ground temperature being the dominant factor(q=0.24),and interactions between any two factors enhanced this differentiation.[Conclusion]To promote the sustainable development of the ecological environment in Yalong River Basin,it is essential to adopt the measures tailored to local conditions based on the spatiotemporal and topographical distribution characteristics of ESV within the basin.

关 键 词：生态系统服务价值 地形梯度 空间分异 驱动因素 雅砻河流域 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]