中国首次北极科学考察沿线气溶胶可溶性成分的分析  

Soluble Species in Aerosols Collected on the Route of the First Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition

作　　者：孙俊英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰芯与寒区环境重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2002年第6期744-749,共6页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家海洋局极地考察办公室国家自然科学基金项目 ( 40 0 710 2 5);中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所知识创新工程项目(CACX2 10 0 4 6 ;CACX2 10 0 56 )资助

摘　　要：中国首次北极科学考察沿线采集的大气气溶胶样品可溶性成分分析表明 ,大气气溶胶的平均载量为 1 95neq·m- 3,Na+ 和Cl- 的贡献为 60 % ,NH+ 4和SO2 - 4的贡献为 2 7% ,nssSO2 - 4对SO2 - 4的贡献为 68% .气溶胶中阴、阳离子总量基本相当 ,大气环境呈中性 .气溶胶中可溶性成分具有较强的纬度变化特征 .根据离子的变化态势可将离子分为 3大类 ,即 1 )Na+ ,Cl- ,SO2 - 4,K+ ,Mg2 + ,Ca2 + ;2 )NH+ 4,NO- 3;3)MSA .Na+ 和Cl- 具有较好的线性关系 ,Cl- /Na+ 的当量浓度比为 1 .0 1 ,小于其在海水中的比值 1 .1 6 .NH+ 4和NO- 3的浓度随纬度的增加呈现减少的趋势 ,说明在低纬度近海岸地区人类活动的污染相当强烈 .MSA的浓度在白令海区出现高值 ,与Shemya (52°N ,1 74°E)站夏季浓度1 .79± 0 .83neq·m- 3(1 70± 79ng·m- 3)相当 .通过与不同海区夏季释放DMS的通量对比 。Atmospheric aerosols over Japan Sea, Sea of Okhotsk, the northern Pacific ocean, Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea and Arctic ocean were collected using a low-volume air sampler during the cruise of the 'Xuelong' from July 1 to September 9, 1999, the First Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition (FCNARE). The concentration of Na +, NH + 4, K +, Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Cl -, NO - 3, SO 2- 4, C 2O 2- 4, and MSA was determined by ion-chromatograph in the Key Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS. The total cations measured (∑ +=Na ++NH + 4+K ++ Mg 2+ +Ca 2+ ) are approximately equal to that of the total measured anions (∑ -=Cl -+ NO - 3+SO 2- 4+C 2O 2- 4+MSA), suggesting that the atmosphere of the route of FCNARE is almost neutral in summer. The average aerosol loading is 195 neq·m -3 . Na + and Cl - account for about 60% of total aerosol loading, while NH + 4 and SO 2- 4 for 27%, suggesting that the aerosol is dominated by primary aerosol. The regression slope of the Cl - to Na + relationship in aerosols has a value of 1.01, compared to 1.16 for the ratio Cl -/Na + in seawater. With respect to seawater, aerosols are depleted in Cl -. The concentration of NH + 4 and NO - 3 decreases with increase of latitude, which suggests that the high concentration near the coast of mid-latitude results from the anthropogenic. The MSA concentration peaks in the Bering Sea, which is in agreement with the MSA concentration 1.79 neq·m -3 measured at Shemya (52° N, 174° E). Referring to the fluxes of DMS from different latitude in Northern Pacific Ocean, the results show the low temperatures favor the transformation of DMS to MSA.

关 键 词：中国 大气气溶胶 可溶性成分 北极 科学考察 大气环境 风速 风向 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]