掺混乙醇对汽油机排放和三效催化转化器性能的影响  

Effects of blended ethanol on gasoline engine emissions and three-way catalytic converter performance

作　　者：朱天乐[1] 王建昕[2] 傅立新[1] 郝吉明[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084 [2]清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2002年第12期1609-1611,1620,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家"八六三"高技术项目(2001AA643030);清华大学环境科学与工程研究院基础研究基金项目

摘　　要：基于发动机台架实验系统,研究了掺混(体积比)10%和30%乙醇对汽油机排放和催化转化器性能的影响。结果表明,掺混乙醇导致排气NOx,碳氢化合物(THC)和CO浓度降低,但乙醛和乙醇浓度增大。而且掺混量越高,这种作用越显著。负荷为9.3～44.4kW时,NOx,THC和CO排放浓度的最大降幅分别为6.5%,26%和19%,乙醛和乙醇的最大排放体积分数分别为97×10-6和64×10-6。以铂和铑为主要活性物质的三效催化转化器具有优异的乙醛净化效果,但净化乙醇效率较低。The effects of 10% and 30% (volume fraction) ethanol added to gasoline on engine emissions and threeway (TWC) catalytic converter performance were studied using engine bench tests. Lower NOx, total hydrocarbon (THC) and CO emissions and higher acetaldehyde and ethanol emissions were observed for the ethanol blends relative to gasoline, particularly for the higher ethanol volume percent. For engine loads of 9.7～44.4 kW, the maximum NOx, THC and CO reductions were 6.5%, 26% and 19%, respectively, while the maximum acetaldehyde and ethanol emission volume fraction of 97×10-6 and 64×10-6, respectively. Acetaldehyde was effectively converted but the ethanol was resistant to oxidation in the threeway catalytic converter using platinum and rhodium as the main active compositions.

关 键 词：汽油机 排放浓度 催化转化器 乙醛 乙醇 掺混量 汽车燃料 排放体积分数 

分 类 号：U473.1[机械工程—车辆工程] X734.[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]