用力学原理分析义颌用颧区承力及颧区口内种植的作用  

To evaluate the effect of zygomatic area as bearing seat and zygomatic osseointegrated implant from oral cavity ofmaxillary obturator prostheses by mechanics

作　　者：洪流[1] 周继林[2] 洪民[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学口腔医学院修复科,主任医师教授北京100081 [2]解放军总医院口腔科,主任医师教授北京100853

出　　处：《口腔颌面修复学杂志》2002年第4期243-246,共4页Chinese Journal of Prosthodontics

摘　　要：目的:用力学原理分析义颌用颧区承力及从口腔内在颧区植入种植体对上颌骨大型缺损义颌恢复咀嚼功能的作用。方法:用杠杆原理及转动力矩公式M=F×L,对比分析缺损侧有无颧区承力义颌以及从缺损腔内和从口腔内在颧区植入种植体的义颌受力后的情况。结果:⑴ 缺损侧无颧区承力义颌因缺损侧无骨支持面,受力时杠杆作用使义颌翘动。⑵ 缺损侧有颧区承力的义颌,受力时无杠杆作用使义颌稳定。⑶ 从缺损腔内向颧骨种植的义颌,种植体长轴方向与力方向呈大角度。种植体受侧向力,具有转动力矩。⑷ 从口腔内在颧区上种植,种植体长轴方向与力方向一致,种植体受垂直力。 结论:通过力学原理对上颌骨大型缺损用不同义颌修复方法分析得出:⑴ 颧区承力义颌受力时稳定;口内颧区种植体,只受垂直力,无损伤,故均能有长期恢复咀嚼生理功能的疗效。⑵ 缺损侧无颧区承力义颌受力时翘动,从缺损腔内斜行向颧骨种植义颌,种植体受到侧向力均会造成损伤,不会有远期疗效。s Objective: To evaluate the effect of zygomatic area as bearing seat and osseointegrated implant from oralcavity at zygomatic area for functional rehabilitation of maxillary huge defect of maxillary obturator prostheses by mechanics.Methods: The zygomatic area used and not used as bearing seat for maxillary obturator prostheses and osseointegratedimplanted from defect cavity and from oral cavity at zygomatic area after zygobuccoplasty are comparatively analyzed bythe phinciple of leverage and the formula of torque (M=F×L). Results: The maxillary obturator prostheses that do notuse zygomatic area as bearing seat have fulcrums on the healthy side only are not stable in function. When the zygomaticarea is used as bearing seat, the maxillary obturabor prostheses which have fulcrums on both healthy and defeat sides arestable in function. The Osseointegrated implants put from the defect cavity can only be inclined, while implants put fromthe oral cavity after zygobuccoplasty is straight. Conclusion: The maxillary obturator prostheses using zygomatic area asbearing seat are stable in function. (1) The osseointegrated implants from oral cavity are straight for functional force, sothe prostheses have good chewing function and can maintain long. (2) The osseointegrated implants from defect cavity areinclined to functional force and they are subject to bone loss when excessive lateral torquing forces are applied. So theycannot maintain for a long time.

关 键 词：力学 颧区 承力区 骨内种植 义颌 

分 类 号：R783[医药卫生—口腔医学]