明清两朝国家通用语言文字的推广及其意义  

The Promotion and Significance of the National Common Language and Script During the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：王欢 WANG Huan(Department of Humanities,Inner Mongolia Honder College of Arts and Sciences,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010000)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古鸿德文理学院人文系,内蒙古呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《集宁师范学院学报》2024年第6期110-113,118,共5页Journal of Jining Normal University

基　　金：2022年度内蒙古社会科学基金重点项目“历代国家通用语言文字的推广与中华民族多元一体研究”(项目编号:2022BZ03)。

摘　　要：明清两朝在建立政权前期都面临汉语和民族语言的关系问题,明清政府及时调整了语言政策,并通过编写字书和韵书及学校教育等途径大力推广通用语言文字。汉语在与蒙语、满语的融合碰撞中汲取养分,从文言文向白话文发展,且为现代汉语的形成奠定了基础。同时,汉语汉字作为通用语言文字为民族的交往交流交融建立了桥梁,使多元一体的格局在这一时期得到进一步巩固与发展。Both the Ming and Qing dynasties faced challenges regarding the relationship between the Chinese language and ethnic minority languages during the early stages of their regimes.The governments of these dynasties promptly adjusted their language policies and promoted the national common language and script through various measures,such as compiling dictionaries and rhyme books and incorporating language instruction into school education.The Chinese language enriched itself through interaction and integration with Mongolian and Manchu,evolving from classical Chinese to vernacular Chinese and laying the foundation for mod⁃ern Chinese.Additionally,as the national common language and script,Chinese served as a bridge for interethnic communication and integration,further solidifying and developing the multicultural and unified framework of the Chinese nation during this period.

关 键 词：国家通用语言文字 明清官话 中华民族多元一体格局 现代汉语 

分 类 号：H002[语言文字—语言学] G120[文化科学]