基于多维场景分析的轨道交通隧道天线传播损耗模型研究  

Research on Antenna Propagation Loss Model in Rail Transit Tunnel based on Multi-dimensional Scenario Analysis

作　　者：赵依凡 邹劲柏 赵正连 胥智鹏 周青 ZHAO Yifan;ZOU Jinbai;ZHAO Zhenglian;XU Zhipeng;ZHOU Qing(School of Railway Transportation,Shanghai Institute of Technology,201418,Shanghai,China;CRSC Communication&Information Corporation Shanghai Co.,Ltd.,200071,Shanghai,China;Technical Center of Shanghai Shentong Metro Group Co.,Ltd.,201103,Shanghai,China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学轨道交通学院,上海201418 [2]通号通信信息集团上海有限公司,上海200071 [3]上海申通地铁集团有限公司技术中心,上海201103

出　　处：《城市轨道交通研究》2025年第1期148-153,共6页Urban Mass Transit

基　　金：上海市“一带一路”中老铁路工程国际联合实验室基金项目(21210750300);轨道交通智能运维关键技术研究项目(20090503100)。

摘　　要：[目的]作为轨道交通无线通信的典型环境之一,隧道内无线电波信号强度的精确预测一直受到广泛关注和研究。随着无线通信的频率越来越高,以天线进行隧道内无线辐射的应用越来越广泛。为解决现有隧道内无线电波传播损耗模型复杂、验证及应用难度较大的问题,整理了先前研究者的实地测量结果,对轨道交通隧道空闲场景下天线辐射的无线电波信号传播损耗特点进行研究。[方法]对隧道天线传播损耗相关研究所采用的模型以及参数进行了分析,通过将频率以及信号传播的远近场距离进行分段分析,采用矩阵求解最小二乘法,对包含多维参数(频率、信号传播距离以及隧道截面积)的实测数据进行拟合,并修正。提出轨道交通隧道空闲场景下天线辐射的无线电波信号传播损耗模型。[结果及结论]验证结果表明,所得模型能够在误差范围内对传播损耗进行预测,具有一定的应用价值,有助于设计隧道无线通信系统,能为轨道交通隧道内通信系统天线覆盖方案设计提供参考。[Objective]As tunnel is one of the typical environments for rail transit wireless communication,the accurate prediction of radio wave signal strength in tunnels has always attracted wide attention and study.With the increasing frequency of wireless communication,the application of wireless radiation in tunnels using antenna is becoming more and more widespread.To solve the problems such as the complexity of the existing radio wave propagation loss model in tunnels and the challenges for the model′s validation and application,the on-site measurement results of previous researchers are sorted out,and the characteristics of radio wave signal propagation loss radiated by antenna in the scenario of vacant rail transit tunnels are studied.[Method]The models and parameters used in the related research on tunnel antenna propagation loss are analyzed.By segmentally analyzing the frequency and the distances of signal propagation in the near and far fields,the measured data containing multi-dimensional parameters(frequency,signal propagation distance,and tunnel cross-sectional area)are fitted and corrected with the matrix-based least squares method.A radio wave signal propagation loss model of antenna radiation in the scenario of vacant rail transit tunnels is proposed.[Result&Conclusion]The verification results show that the above model can predict the propagation loss within the error range and has certain application value in that it is helpful to tunnel wireless communication system design,and can provide reference for the design of antenna coverage schemes of communication systems in rail transit tunnels.

关 键 词：轨道交通 无线通信 隧道 天线 传播损耗 

分 类 号：U442.55[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]