紫杉烷类抗肿瘤药物外周神经毒性不良反应的监测与影响因素分析  

Monitoring of Peripheral Neurotoxic Adverse Effects of Taxane Antitumor Drugs and Analysis of Influencing Factors

作　　者：聂朋浩 程庆荣[2] NIE Penghao;CHENG Qingrong(Department of Pharmacy,Ningguo People's Hospital,Ningguo,Anhui 242300,China;Department of Emergency,Ningguo People's Hospital,Ningguo,Anhui 242300,China)

机构地区：[1]宁国市人民医院药剂科,安徽宁国242300 [2]宁国市人民医院急诊科,安徽宁国242300

出　　处：《临床误诊误治》2025年第1期35-39,共5页Clinical Misdiagnosis & Mistherapy

基　　金：安徽省医学会课题项目(KY2021009)。

摘　　要：目的监测紫杉烷类抗肿瘤药物外周神经毒性不良反应并分析影响因素。方法选取2020年1月至2023年12月180例紫杉烷类抗肿瘤药物化疗患者为研究对象,根据是否发生外周神经毒性不良反应分为发生组、未发生组。观察患者治疗期间外周神经毒性不良反应发生情况,采用多因素logistic回归分析紫杉烷类抗肿瘤药物化疗患者发生外周神经毒性不良反应的影响因素。结果紫杉烷类抗肿瘤药物化疗患者外周神经毒性不良反应发生率为31.11%(56/180),以Ⅰ~Ⅱ度为主,占比92.86%(52/56)。外周神经毒性不良反应主要临床表现为肢端麻木、疲乏无力、触觉改变,主要发生于用药后12~<72 h,以用药后24~<48 h发生率最高。年龄较大、合并糖尿病、临床分期较高、化疗药物累积剂量较高、肝功能损伤较重是紫杉烷类抗肿瘤药物化疗患者发生外周神经毒性不良反应的危险因素(P<0.01)。结论紫杉烷类抗肿瘤药物外周神经毒性不良反应发生率较高,主要为轻度。年龄较大、合并糖尿病、临床分期较高、化疗药物累积剂量较高、肝功能损伤较重是其危险因素,应引起临床关注,并制订预防措施。Objective To monitor peripheral neurotoxic adverse effects of Taxane antitumor drugs and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods A total of 180 patients receiving chemotherapy with Taxane antitumor drugs from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects and divided into occurrence group and non-occurrence group according to presence or absence of peripheral neurotoxic adverse reactions.The clinical data of patients were analyzed,and the occurrence of peripheral neurotoxic adverse reactions during treatment was observed.The influencing factors of peripheral neurotoxic adverse reactions in patients treated with Taxane antitumor drugs were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results The incidence of peripheral neurotoxic adverse reactions was 31.11%(56/180)in patients treated with Taxane antitumor drugs,mainlyⅠ-Ⅱdegree,accounting for 92.86%(52/56).The main clinical manifestations of peripheral neurotoxic adverse reactions were extremity numbness,fatigue and tactile change,which mainly occurred at 12-<72 h after medication,and the highest incidence was found at 24-<48 h after medication.Older age,combined diabetes mellitus,higher clinical stage,higher cumulative dose of chemotherapy drugs,and more severe liver function injury were the risk factors for peripheral neurotoxic adverse reactions in patients treated with Taxane antitumor drugs(P<0.01).Conclusion The incidence of peripheral neurotoxic adverse reactions of Taxane antitumor drugs was relatively high,mainly mild reactions.Older age,diabetes mellitus,higher clinical stage,higher cumulative dose of chemotherapy drugs and more severe liver function injury are high risk factors,which should be paid clinical attention and preventive measures should be formulated.

关 键 词：紫杉烷类 抗肿瘤药物 外周神经毒性 不良反应 年龄 糖尿病 临床分期 危险因素 

分 类 号：R730.53[医药卫生—肿瘤]