香菇装袋机菌棒密度控制系统的设计与试验  

Design and experiment of mushroom-stick density control system for mushroom bagging machine

作　　者：程大鹏[1] 刘品潇 刘德平[1] 刘昊男[2] 刘振阳 李凯 CHENG Dapeng;LIU Pinxiao;LIU Deping;LIU Haonan;LIU Zhenyang;LI Kai(Mechanical and Power Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Intelligent Manufacturing,Nanyang Institute of Technology,Nanyang 473004,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学机械与动力工程学院,郑州450001 [2]南阳理工学院智能制造学院,河南南阳473004

出　　处：《包装与食品机械》2024年第6期49-56,共8页Packaging and Food Machinery

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(172102210415);河南省重大科技专项(171100210300-01);河南省产学研合作计划项目(182107000037)。

摘　　要：针对香菇装袋机对菌棒密度控制性差的问题,设计一种香菇装袋机菌棒密度控制系统。通过分析香菇装袋机的工作原理,建立菌棒密度控制系统的数学模型;结合香菇培养基散料的物理特性,将模糊控制与传统PID控制结合;在Simulink中建立传统PID和模糊PID控制系统的仿真模型,并进行仿真分析;将所设计的菌棒密度控制系统装载到香菇装袋机上进行现场试验。仿真结果表明,模糊PID控制系统的响应时间为0.81 s,对干扰的反应时间为0.093 s;相比传统PID控制,模糊PID控制系统在响应速度和抗干扰能力上分别提高53%和20%,并且在不同预设值情况下表现出较好的控制效果。现场试验结果表明,模糊PID控制对菌棒密度的控制性较好,在不同预设值下的合格率分别为97.852%,97.923%,94.152%,变异系数分别为2.324%,2.252%,2.649%,满足菌棒生产的要求。研究为香菇装袋机的控制提供新的解决方案。A mushroom-stick density control system for mushroom bagging machine was designed to address the issue of poor control over mushroom-stick density.By analyzing the working principle of the mushroom bagging machine,a mathematical model for the density control system of mushroom-sticks was established;The fuzzy control was combined with traditional PID control based on the physical characteristics of mushroom culture medium bulk materials;Simulation models for traditional PID control systems and fuzzy PID control systems were established in Simulink and simulation analysis was conducted;The designed mushroom-stick density control system was loaded onto the mushroom bagging machine for on-site testing.The simulation results show that the response time of the fuzzy PID control system is 0.81 s,and the response time to interference is 0.093 s;Compared with traditional PID control,fuzzy PID control system is 53% and 20% faster in response speed and anti-interference ability,respectively,and shows good control effect under different preset values.The on-site test results show that the fuzzy PID control has good control over the density of mushroom-sticks,with qualification rates of 97.852%,97.923%,and 94.152% at different preset values,and coefficients of variation of 2.324%,2.252%,and 2.649%,respectively,meeting the requirements of mushroom-stick production.The research provides a new solution for the control of mushroom bagging machines.

关 键 词：菌棒 香菇装袋机 密度控制 模糊PID 

分 类 号：TS203[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] TB486[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程] S24[一般工业技术—包装工程]