数据流动与服务贸易出口--基于数据要素视角的理论与实证分析  

Data Flow and Service Trade Exports:Theoretical and Empirical Analysis Based on Data Factors

作　　者：谢娟娟[1] 肖姝帆 Xie Juanjuan;Xiao Shufan(School of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院,300071

出　　处：《南开经济研究》2024年第11期46-65,共20页Nankai Economic Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“数字基础设施建设促进制造业数字化转型升级研究”(22BJY195)的资助。

摘　　要：数据能否自由流动对数据作为投入要素的价值释放、数字经济发展效益及服务贸易发展具有重要影响。本文首先将数据要素引入生产函数构建理论模型,以“数据流动限制”来衡量数据流动程度,通过理论推导发现,数据自由流动会通过提高生产率、降低合规成本、降低搜寻成本等三条渠道促进服务贸易出口。其次,测算2000—2014年39个国家21个服务行业的数据流动限制指数,并将其作为影响服务贸易出口的核心解释变量进行实证研究。结果表明,数据流动限制对服务贸易出口产生显著的负向影响,反之即表明数据自由流动会促进服务贸易出口。机制检验表明,提高生产率、降低合规成本、降低搜寻成本是数据自由流动促进服务贸易出口的重要渠道。异质性分析显示,在不同数据监管模式、不同发展水平的国家及不同类型服务业中,数据自由流动对服务贸易出口产生不同程度的异质性影响。The free flow of data has an important impact on the release of the value of data factors,the benefits of the development of the digital economy and service trade exports.In this paper,data as input factors are added to the production function,we firstly build a model with data flow restrictiveness index to measure the degree of free flow of data.Theoretical derivations find that the free flow of data promotes service trade exports through three channels:enhancing productivity,reducing compliance costs,and decreasing search costs.Secondly,by calculating the Data Flow Restrictiveness Index(DFRI)of 21 service industries in 39 countries from 2000 to 2014 as a variable affecting service trade exports,the results show that data flow restrictions have a significant negative effect on service trade exports,in other words,the free flow of data will promote service trade exports.Mechanism tests show that enhancing productivity,reducing compliance costs,and decreasing search costs are three important channels through which the free flow of data promotes services trade exports.Further analysis show that the free flow of data have various heterogeneous effects on service trade exports by means of different countries'data regulation systems,development stages and types of services.

关 键 词：数据要素 数据自由流动 数据流动限制 服务贸易出口 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]