多重采动下巷道变形时空规律及协同控制研究  

Study on Temporal and Spatial Evolution and Collaborative Control of Roadway Deformation under Multiple Mining

作　　者：杨伟昆 张向阳 卜庆为[3] 都航 张帅 杨德群 YANG Weikun;ZHANG Xiangyang;BU Qingwei;DU Hang;ZHANG Shuai;YANG Dequn(National Key Laboratory of Safe Mining of Deep Coal and Environmental Protection,Huainan 232001,China;School of Mining Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;Institute of Mining and Coal,Inner Mongolia University of Science&Technology,Baotou 014010,China)

机构地区：[1]深部煤炭安全开采与环境保护全国重点实验室,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽理工大学矿业工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [3]内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《金属矿山》2024年第12期106-115,共10页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52074007);安徽理工大学研究生创新基金项目(编号:2023CX2031)。

摘　　要：为研究多重采动影响下底板巷道围岩变形时空演化特征,采用理论分析、数值模拟和工程实践相结合方法,以顾北矿某采区矸石胶带机底板巷道为工程背景,对其应力分布特征进行研究,分析围岩弹塑性区时空演化规律,提出协同控制方案。研究结果表明:多重采动和巷道与工作面相对位置关系是底板巷道产生剧烈破坏的主要因素,也是分析巷道围岩时空演化规律和选择协同控制方案的切入点;邻近煤层回采过程中,巷道底板及两帮应力呈现“缓增—快增—稳定”变化趋势,顶底板及两帮承受较大的不平衡挤压力导致围岩失稳;上覆煤层回采后,巷道顶板向上部采空区挤压,减轻了应力集中,一定程度上延缓了围岩变形破坏;围岩塑性区扩展形态与应力演化特征具有一致性,塑性区破坏以剪切破坏为主,最终显现为蝶形塑性区。针对该底板巷道的特点设计“锚杆+锚索+U型棚+喷浆”协同控制方案。实践结果表明:邻近煤层工作面回采距离巷道80 m处时,巷道围岩应力进入高速发展阶段,此时进行协同补强支护,相比未补强支护段顶底板与两帮移近量分别降低了40.28%及36.64%,效果符合预期。研究成果对相似条件下巷道围岩控制提供了一定指导。In order to study the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of surrounding rock deformation of floor roadway under the influence of multiple mining,the stress distribution characteristics of floor roadway of gangue belt machine in a mining area of Gubei Mine were studied by combining theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and engineering practice,and the spatio-temporal evolution law of surrounding rock elastic plastic zone was analyzed,and a collaborative control scheme was proposed.The results show that multiple mining and the position relationship between roadway and working face are the main factors of severe damage to floor roadway,which is also an important basis for analyzing the spatio-temporal evolution of road-way surrounding rock and selecting collaborative control scheme.In the mining process of adjacent coal seam,the stress of the floor and two sides of the roadway presents a trend of"slow increase-fast increase-stable",and the top and bottom of the road-way and two sides bear a large extrusion pressure,and the mechanical imbalance leads to the instability of the surrounding rock.After the overlying coal seam is mined,the surrounding rock below the goaf above the roof of the roadway is extruded up-ward,which reduces the stress concentration and delays the deformation and failure of the surrounding rock of the roadway to a certain extent.The expansion pattern of the plastic zone is consistent with the stress evolution pattern of the surrounding rock,and the failure of the plastic zone is mainly shear failure,and finally appears as a butterfly plastic zone.According to the char-acteristics of the floor roadway,a collaborative control scheme of"anchor rod+anchor cable+U-shaped shed+shotcrete"is designed.The practical results show that when the working face near the coal seam is 80m away from the roadway,the sur-rounding rock stress enters the stage of rapid development.When the collaborative reinforcement support is carried out,the dis-placement of the top and bottom and the two sides decrea

关 键 词：多重采动 底板巷道 围岩变形 时空演化 协同控制 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]