基于微卫星标记的中国近海龙头鱼群体遗传结构分析  

Genetic Structure of Harpadon nehereus Populations in the Coastal Waters of China Based on Microsatellite Markers

作　　者：黄新芯 刘玉萍 宁子君 杨天燕 HUANG Xinxin;LIU Yuping;NING Zijun;YANG Tianyan(Fisheries College,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2025年第1期90-98,共9页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：舟山市科技计划项目(2022C41022);浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划(新苗人才计划)项目(2021R411008);浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(Y201942611)。

摘　　要：开展中国近海龙头鱼群体遗传结构研究,为我国龙头鱼资源的开发利用和渔业管理单元的划分提供遗传学背景资料。基于6个微卫星标记对2018—2020年采自连云港(LYG)、南通(NT)、三门(SM)、泉州(QZ)、湛江(ZJ)、北海(BH)和三亚(SY)的7个龙头鱼群体的遗传结构和遗传分化进行评估和分析,共检测到111个等位基因,7个群体平均等位基因丰富度(R_(s))为7.944~10.087,平均期望杂合度(He)和平均观测杂合度(Ho)分别为0.721~0.807和0.621~0.785,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.673~0.768,呈现较高的遗传多样性水平。SY和BH群体间的遗传距离最小(0.3022),BH和LYG群体间的遗传距离最大(0.5019)。两两群体间的遗传分化指数(F_(st))为0.0054~0.0737,东海和南海群体(SM、QZ、ZJ、BH、SY)与黄海群体(LYG、NT)之间存在显著的遗传分化,基于群体间Nei氏标准遗传距离构建的UPGMA聚类树也显示LYG和NT群体独立于其他群体。将所有群体分为1个基因池或是2个基因池进行分子方差分析,均表明绝大部分遗传变异来源于群体内个体间。三维因子对应分析和Structure分析提示龙头鱼群体可划分为2个自由交配组群,在渔业管理上应视作不同的捕捞单元进行区别管理。Population genetic structure analysis is the basis for establishing fishery management,and is important for conserving biodiversity and the scientific development and use of fishery resources.Micro-satellite DNA is abundant in eukaryotic genomes and,because it is dominant and has a high mutation rate,has become an effective genetic marker for differentiating fish populations.Harpadon nehereus is an im-portant small to medium-sized commercial fish species in the coastal water of China,and a vital food chain component of marine ecosystems.In this study,we analyzed the genetic structure and differentia-tion of seven H.nehereus populations[Lianyungang(LYG),Nantong(NT),Sanmen(SM),Quanzhou(QZ),Zhanjiang(ZJ),Beihai(BH)and Sanya(SY)]in the coastal waters of China,based on six microsat-ellite markers.During 2018-2020,a total of 165 wild H.nehereus specimens from the seven populations were sampled by trawl for DNA extraction and PCR amplification.A total of 111 alleles were detected,and the average allelic richness(R_(s))of the seven populations ranged from 7.944 to 10.087.The ranges of the average expected heterozygosity(He)and the average observed heterozygosity(Ho)were 0.721-0.807 and 0.621-0.785,respectively.The average polymorphic information content(PIC)ranged from 0.673 to 0.768,showing a high level of genetic diversity.The genetic distance between the SY and BH populations was the lowest(0.3022),while the highest genetic distance(0.5019)was observed between the BH and LYG populations.The pairwise genetic differentiation index(F_(st))ranged from 0.0054 to 0.0737,and there was significant genetic differentiation between the East and South China Sea populations(SM,QZ,ZJ,BH and SY)and the Yellow Sea populations(LYG and NT).The UPGMA tree constructed based on Nei’s standard genetic distance also shows that the Yellow Sea populations(LYG and NT)were topologi-cally independent of the other populations.Regardless of whether the populations were divided into one or two gene pools for AMOVA analysis,the results show that m

关 键 词：龙头鱼 微卫星标记 遗传结构 

分 类 号：Q347[生物学—遗传学]