道与德的融合:《蒲公英王朝》中的治国之术  

The Integration of Daoism and Morality:Statecraft in The Grace of Kings

作　　者：汤黎[1] Tang Li(College of Foreign Language,Sichuan University)

机构地区：[1]四川大学外国语学院

出　　处：《探索与批评》2024年第2期58-69,共12页Inquiry and Criticism

摘　　要：中国古代技术哲学认为,技术活动是实现宇宙秩序和道德秩序统一的途径。当代著名美籍华裔科幻小说家刘宇昆的《蒲公英王朝》系列小说中的技术概念在国家治理层面而言是对“道德的善”的实现。小说中的明君库尼·加鲁在尊重自然之道的前提下革新技术,还不断革新治国之术以保障技术发展。他所采取的不问出身招纳贤才、改革税制等政策极大地推动了技术发展,体现了技术语境中道与德的融合。此外,达拉诸国的科举制强调对自然科学技术的重视,是对应试者人文和科学的综合知识与能力进行考察的人才选拔机制。刘宇昆对科举制这一中国古代社会结构中的重要体制进行想象性重构并以此来对“文德”进行重建,使之符合科学精神和技术发展的需要。“与天地合德”的君王在洞悉自然之道的基础上进行技术改革和国家体制改革,体现了天命、政德、保民之间的关联。In ancient Chinese philosophy of technology,technological activities are viewed as a means to harmonizecosmic order with moral order.The concept of technology in the series The Grace of Kings by contemporary Chinese-American science fiction author Ken Liu embodies the realization of“moral goodness”at the level of statecraft.The wise ruler Kuni Garu in the novel innovates technology while adhering the principles of nature,and he continuously reforms statecraft to ensuretechnological advancement.His policies,such as recruiting talented men and women regardless of their background and reforming the tax system,significantly foster technological progress and exemplify the integration of Daoism(Dao)and Morality(De)within the context of technology.Moreover,the imperial examination system in the various states of Dara emphasizes the importance of natural science and technology,functioning as a talent selection mechanism that assesses candidates’comprehensive knowledge and abilities in both humanitics and sciences.Ken Liu imaginatively reconstructs the imperial examinationsy stem,a fundamental institution in the social structure of ancient China,to reframe“the virtue of Wen(Wende)”in a way that aligns with the spirit of science and the demands of technological development.The ruler who“unifies the heaven and humanity”undertakes technological and institutional reforms grounded in an understanding of Natural Daoism,reflecting the interconnection between Mandate of Heaven,political virtue,and the welfare of the people.

关 键 词：《蒲公英王朝》 中国古代道德宇宙论 “与天地合德” “文德” 科举制 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]