数字经济是否有助于改善劳动力市场上的性别不平等——基于中国家庭追踪调查的实证研究  

Does the Digital Economy Help Improve Gender Inequality in the Labor Market:Evidence from CFPS Data in China

作　　者：罗长远[1] 万斯语 Luo Changyuan;Wan Siyu(Institute of World Economy,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;School of Economics,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学世界经济研究所,200433 [2]复旦大学经济学院,200433

出　　处：《南开经济研究》2024年第10期3-23,共21页Nankai Economic Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD075);国家社会科学基金哲学社会科学领军人才项目(22VRC154)的支持。

摘　　要：中国劳动力市场上性别不平等的问题始终存在,而快速发展的数字经济为推动性别平等注入了新活力。本文基于2014—2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,构建关于数字经济与性别就业差距的理论模型,全面考察了数字经济发展对女性就业的影响,并采用历史邮电数据作为工具变量缓解内生性问题。研究表明,数字经济的发展显著提高了女性的相对就业水平。异质性结果显示,低教育和已婚已育女性受数字经济的积极影响更大。传导机制表明,女性的工作灵活程度、性别平等观念水平的提高和女性密集型产业的发展是重要的作用渠道。本文为缩小我国劳动力性别差距提供了新的视角,也从侧面反映了建设“数字中国”的社会意义。Gender inequality in the Chinese labor market has been a persistent issue,and the rapidly developing digital economy injects new vitality into promoting gender equality.Based on the data from the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)between 2014 and 2018,this paper comprehensively investigates the impact of digital economy development on the female employment.Historical postal and communication data is used as the instrumental variable to alleviate endogeneity.It is found that the development of digital economy significantly increases female’s relative employment participation.Heterogeneous results show that low-education,married and childbearing female are more positively affected.The mechanism suggests that the improvement of female's work flexibility and gender identity,and the development of female-intensive industries are three possible channels.This paper provides a new perspective for narrowing the gender gap in labor market and emphasizes the importance of developing digital economy in China.

关 键 词：数字经济 女性就业 性别平等 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]