磷肥用量对宁南山区芹菜产量及磷素吸收利用的影响  

Effects of Phosphate Fertilizer Application Rate on Celery Yield,Phosphorus Absorption and Utilization in Mountainous Area of Southern Ningxia

作　　者：田伟 冯海萍[1] TIAN Wei;FENG Haiping(Institute of Horticulture,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Yinchuan 750000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所,银川750002

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2025年第1期123-132,共10页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：宁夏农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-8-06);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-23-G24);宁夏青年拔尖人才项目。

摘　　要：为了明确宁南山区芹菜栽培的适宜施肥量,降低不合理施肥带来的负面影响,为宁南山区芹菜高产、高收益种植提供理论参考。以芹菜品种‘皇后’为供试材料,采用单因素随机区组设计,设5个施肥水平,研究不同磷肥用量对芹菜产量、养分积累与分配、磷肥利用率等影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,施用磷肥后芹菜产量增加6.06%~22.22%,进一步分析表明,芹菜产量最大化的最佳磷肥施用量为165.98~172.11 kg/hm^(2),最佳经济效益磷肥施用量为142.80~148.93 kg/hm^(2)。随着磷肥用量的增加,芹菜品质呈现显著增加的趋势,而磷肥偏生产力、磷肥农学效率均呈现显著降低的趋势。本试验磷肥利用效率为18.13%~36.33%,贡献率为6.16%~15.51%,均以磷肥用量150 kg/hm^(2)最高,显著高于对照组,当磷肥用量150 kg/hm^(2)时,磷肥盈余由负转正,磷肥用量达到225 kg/hm^(2)时,磷素输出开始下降,磷素表观平衡呈现盈余。主成分分析表明,磷肥用量150 kg/hm^(2)为最优施肥水平。综合考虑,宁南山区芹菜适宜的磷肥施用量为142.80~172.11 kg/hm^(2)。This study aims to clarify the suitable fertilization amount for celery cultivation and reduce the negative impact of unreasonable fertilization,providing a theoretical reference for the high-yield and high-profit cultivation of celery in the mountainous area of southern Ningxia.Using the celery variety‘Queen’as experimental material,a single-factor randomized block design was adopted with five fertilization levels.The effect of different amount of phosphate fertilizer on celery yield,nutrient accumulation,allocation,and phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate were investigated.The results showed that application of phosphate fertilizer led to an increase in celery yield ranging from 6.06%-22.22%compared to the control group.Further analysis indicated that the optimal phosphate fertilizer application rate for maximizing celery yield was between 165.98-172.11 kg/hm^(2).Additionally,the phosphorus fertilizer application rate that yielded the best economic benefit was determined to be between 142.80 and 148.93 kg/hm^(2).Furthermore,as the amount of phosphate fertilizer increased,the quality of celery showed a significant increasing trend,however,the partial productivity of phosphorus and the agronomic efficiency of phosphorus exhibited a significant decreasing trend.The utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer ranged from 18.13%to 36.33%,and the contribution rate varied from 6.16%-15.51%,The treatment of phosphate fertilizer amount 150 kg/hm^(2) exhibited the highest values,significantly surpassing those of the control group.When the amount of phosphate fertilizer reached 150 kg/hm^(2),the surplus of phosphate fertilizer changed from negative to positive.When the amount of phosphate fertilizer reached 225 kg/hm^(2),the phosphorus output decreased,and the apparent balance of phosphorus showed surplus.The principal component analysis showed that phosphate fertilizer amount 150 kg/hm^(2) treatment was the optimal fertilization level.In summary,the appropriate phosphorus fertilizer application rate for celery in the

关 键 词：芹菜 产量 磷肥用量 磷素吸收 

分 类 号：S636.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]