辛克莱《屠场》中的人性之恶与伦理反思  

Human Evils and Ethical Reflection in Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle

作　　者：庞好农 PANG Haonong

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国文学文化研究院

出　　处：《天津外国语大学学报》2025年第1期84-93,F0003,共11页Journal of Tianjin Foreign Studies University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“非裔美国小说主题研究”(21FWWB017)。

摘　　要：《屠场》从物化之恶、平庸之恶和无良人格之恶等方面描写了美国20世纪初经济转型时期的种种丑恶现象,引起美国社会各界关注食品安全和劳资问题。辛克莱从政商关系、劳资关系和情感关系三个方面揭露了系统力量之下的物化之恶,抨击了政治腐败、政商勾结和垄断资本对美国劳动者基本人权和人格尊严的践踏,然后,他从工贼、体力从业者和房地产经纪人等的不良行为,探究了平庸之恶的反文明性、反社会性和反伦理性。最后,妒忌型无良人格、贪财型无良人格和贪色型无良人格在危害人们生存环境的过程中暴露出以害人为乐的丑恶心态。In The Jungle,Upton Sinclair delineates various evil-doings in the early 20thcentury economic transition which originate from the evils of reification,banality and unscrupulous personality.He discloses the phenomena of reification under the systematic force by his study of the evils of political-commercial reification,the reification of capitalist-worker relation and the reification of emotional relation,denouncing the tramp on laborers’basic human rights and dignity from the perspectives of political corruption,politician-businessman collusion and capital monopolization.Moreover,he explores the anti-civilization,anti-socialness and anti-ethics of banality of evils through the revelation of evil-doings of scabs,common workers and housing agents.Finally,the unscrupulous personality finding expression in jealousy,avarice and lust brings to light the pleasure-seeking evil psyche harmful to the people’s life.

关 键 词：厄普顿·辛克莱 《屠场》 物化之恶 平庸之恶 无良人格之恶 

分 类 号：I054[文学—文学理论]