什么样的制度环境有利于产生高创业活跃度--基于省域面板数据的动态QCA分析  

What Kind of Institutional Environment is Conducive to Generating High Entrepreneurial Activity?A Dynamic QCA Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data

作　　者：张吉昌 龙静[1] 王泽民 Zhang Jichang;Long Jing;Wang Zeming(School of Business,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学商学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2024年第24期36-48,共13页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72072086,71672080)。

摘　　要：优化制度环境是提升创业活跃度和激发市场主体活力的重要抓手。基于制度逻辑理论和动态定性比较分析方法,采用2000—2021年中国内地31个省份样本数据,从时间维度和空间维度检验政府与市场关系、非国有经济发展、产品市场发育程度、要素市场发育程度、市场中介组织发育及法律制度环境5个条件对区域创业活跃度的组态效应。研究发现:①从时间维度看,单个因素并非构成高创业活跃度的必要条件,但非国有经济发展、要素市场发育程度、市场中介组织发育和法律制度环境4个条件的必要性呈现出动态增长趋势;从空间维度看,单个因素构成部分省市高创业活跃度的必要条件,具有显著地区效应;②存在4类产生高创业活跃度的制度组态:政府逻辑—市场逻辑驱动型、政府逻辑—市场逻辑—混合逻辑驱动型、市场逻辑—混合逻辑驱动型;混合逻辑驱动型;③从时间维度看,“政府逻辑—市场逻辑驱动型”与“市场逻辑—混合逻辑驱动型”两类制度组态呈现显著时间效应,从地区维度看,4类制度组态未呈现显著地区效应;④2020年全球新冠疫情影响,4类制度组态一致性水平在2020年和2021年呈现集体下降态势。通过引入基于面板数据的动态定性比较分析方法,探究制度环境要素组合时空变化对区域创业行为的影响,对于揭示中国高创业活跃度实现路径具有重要意义。The relationship between the institutional environment and entrepreneurship has been a key concern in entrepreneurship research.The institutional environment is a complex ecological environment in which multiple institutional logics coexist and interact,which will have a significant impact on the innovation and entrepreneurial vitality of market entities.In order to enhance entrepreneurial activity and promote the vitality of market entities,it is critical to find out how to deal with the relationship between different institutional logics in the institutional environment.Then what kind of institutional environment can better stimulate regional entrepreneurial activity?This major practical question needs to be answered through scientific research.In the existing research,a few scholars explore the impact of different combinations of institutional factors on entrepreneurial activity from the perspective of institutional logic,but they are mainly based on the analysis of binary institutional logic,and ignore the joint role of multiple combinations of institutional logics on the degree of entrepreneurial activity.In this regard,many scholars point out that exploring the impact of the coupling relationship between multiple institutional logics on entrepreneurship based on institutional logic theory is a direction worthy of further research.Moreover,most research on the exploration of the impact of the joint effect of institutional environment elements and other elements on entrepreneurial activity mainly uses static QCA methods based on cross-sectional data.Static QCA studies do not consider the time factor;while institutional logic has the nature of historical variability,with the evolution of time,the influence of institutional logic on the actors will also change,and it is difficult to capture the linkage effect on the factors in the time dimension only by the QCA analysis of cross-sectional data.Following the theory of institutional logic and the dynamic qualitative comparative analysis method,this study examines

关 键 词：制度环境 制度逻辑 创业活跃度 动态QCA 面板数据 

分 类 号：F272.2[经济管理—企业管理]