乳酸菌和玉米粉对桑叶青贮品质的影响  

Effects of lactic acid bacteria and corn meal on silage quality of mulberry leaves

作　　者：耿琳烨 徐泽平 沈诗桀 刘东华 王倩茹 郭金鑫 黄先智[1] 沈以红[1] GENG Lin-ye;XU Ze-ping;SHEN Shi-jie;LIU Dong-hua;WANG Qian-ru;GUO Jin-xin;HUANG Xian-zhi;SHEN Yi-hong

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源昆虫高效养殖与利用全国重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]西南大学动物科学学院,重庆402460 [3]西南大学水产学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第22期123-127,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(项目编号:CARS-18);国家重点研发计划项目(项目编号:2022YFD1601300)。

摘　　要：研究旨在评估乳酸菌和玉米粉对桑叶青贮饲料营养成分、发酵参数和活性物质含量的影响。试验设置两组,分别为桑叶常规青贮组(Y组)、混合桑叶青贮组(H组)添加106 CFU/g FM乳酸菌+10%玉米粉青贮,在青贮第0、7、14、45 d开袋取样,分析青贮过程中营养成分、化学成分和生物活性成分。结果显示,与Y组相比,H组粗蛋白、粗脂肪、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、钙含量显著降低(P<0.05)。在青贮0~14 d,Y组的pH值显著下降(P<0.05)、乳酸含量显著增加(P<0.05),第14 d后变化缓慢。H组在0~45 d pH值显著下降(P<0.05),乳酸含量显著增加(P<0.05),H组pH值显著低于Y组(P<0.05);第45 d乳酸的含量显著高于Y组(P<0.05),氨态氮含量显著低于Y组(P<0.05)。青贮第45 d,两组的黄酮含量均下降(P>0.05),多糖、1-脱氧野尻霉素(DNJ)含量显著下降(P<0.05)。H组多糖含量高于Y组,黄酮、DNJ含量显著低于Y组(P<0.05)。研究表明,添加乳酸菌和玉米粉可在桑叶青贮前期快速进入乳酸发酵状态,青贮结束时氨态氮含量降低,青贮品质提高,活性物质含量下降。The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lactic acid bacteria and corn meal on tthe nutrient composition,fermentation parameters,and active substance content of mulberry leaves silage feed.Two groups were set up in the experimental,single mulberry leaf group(group Y)and mixed mulberry leaves group(group H)supplemented with 106 CFU/g FM Lactobacillus and 10%corn grits.After silage 0,7,14,45 days,samples were taken to analyze the changes of fermentation quality,chemical and active components of silage mulberry leaves.The results showed that compared with group Y,the concentrations of crude protein,crude fat,acid detergent fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and calcium in group H were significantly decreased(P<0.05).At silage 0~14 days,the pH value of group Y decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the lactic acid content increased significantly(P<0.05),and the pH value of group Y changed slowly after day 14.The pH value of group H was significantly decreased(P<0.05)and the lactate content was significantly increased at the 0~45 days(P<0.05),and the pH value of group H was significantly lower than that of group Y(P<0.05).On the 45th day,the content of lactic acid was significantly higher than that in group Y(P<0.05),and the content of ammonia nitrogen was significantly lower than that in group Y(P<0.05).On the 45th day of silage,the concentrations of flavonoids in both groups were decreased(P>0.05),and the contents of polysaccharide and DNJ were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The content of polysaccharide in group H was higher than that in group Y,but the concentrations of flavonoids and 1-Deoxynojirimycin(DNJ)in group Y were significantly reduced(P<0.05).The study indicates that the addition of Lactobacillus and corn meal accelerated the lactic acid fermentation in the early stage of silage,reduced the content of ammonia nitrogen,improved the quality of silage,reduced the content of bioactive substance of silage mulberry leaves.

关 键 词：桑叶 青贮 化学成分 乳酸菌 活性成分 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]