牛乳清蛋白的合成生物学研究进展  

Progress in Synthetic Biology of Bovine Whey Proteins

作　　者：翟征远[1,2] 侯凯旋 王怡 ZHAI Zhengyuan;HOU Kaixuan;WANG Yi(College of Food Science&Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan,Luohe 462300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京100083 [2]中原食品实验室,河南漯河462300

出　　处：《食品与生物技术学报》2024年第10期12-20,共9页Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

基　　金：国家“十四五”重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1100102);中国农业大学国家级大学生科研创新项目(2022002)。

摘　　要：牛乳清蛋白约占牛乳中总蛋白质质量的20%,因其较高的营养价值和多功能性,在食品工业中被广泛应用,市场需求巨大。但国内在牛乳清蛋白生产方面存在原料不足、缺乏高效分离技术等问题。传统生产方式不仅复杂,而且伴随严重的“三废”污染。利用合成生物学技术,通过建立微生物细胞工厂,能够实现食品蛋白质的大量合成。目前,这种异源蛋白质表达方法已逐渐用于牛乳清蛋白的生产。作者概述了牛源β-乳球蛋白和α-乳白蛋白的功能与应用,介绍了当前利用各种表达系统进行生物合成的现状,并对未来优化底盘细胞、开发更高效的表达元件,从而实现牛乳清蛋白的工业化生产进行了展望。Bovine whey protein accounts for about 20%of the total protein mass in cow’s milk.With its rich nutritional value and multifunctionality,it is widely applied in the food industry and has substantial market demand.However,domestic production of bovine whey protein faces challenges such as insufficient raw materials and a lack of efficient separation technologies.Traditional production methods are complex and generate significant"three wastes"pollution.Recent advancements in synthetic biology have enabled the construction of microbial cell factories for the large-scale synthesis of food proteins.Currently,this heterologous protein expression technology has been gradually applied to bovine whey protein production.The functions and applications of bovineβ-lactoglobulin andα-lactalbumin are outlined,the current status of biosynthesis using various expression systems is described,and the future optimization of chassis cells and development of more efficient expression components for the industrial production of bovine whey proteins are envisioned.

关 键 词：牛源β-乳球蛋白 牛源α-乳白蛋白 蛋白质异源表达 细胞工厂 

分 类 号：TS252.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]