小学生拖延的代际传递:自尊和自我控制的链式中介作用  

Intergenerational Transmission of Pupil Procrastination:The Chain Mediating Effects of Self-Esteem and Self-Control

作　　者：邱香[1] 杨晶[2] 肖亚畦 潘如玉 QIU Xiang;YANG Jing;XIAO Yaqi;PAN Ruyu

机构地区：[1]中华女子学院(全国妇联干部培训学院)儿童发展与教育学院,100101 [2]石家庄市第十二中学,050000

出　　处：《中华女子学院学报》2025年第1期95-102,共8页Journal of China Women's University

基　　金：中华女子学院青年创新重大课题“亲子自我控制和拖延的主客体互依效应:基于家庭系统理论”的阶段性研究成果,项目编号:2024QN-0109。

摘　　要：采用学生版一般拖延量表、自尊量表和自我控制量表对566名4—6年级小学生进行问卷调查,同时采用成人版一般拖延量表对小学生的父亲和母亲分别进行问卷调查,考察小学生拖延行为的代际传递及自尊和自我控制在其中的作用。对数据进行共同方法偏差分析、相关分析、回归分析及中介效应检验,结果显示:父亲拖延和母亲拖延都能显著正向预测子女拖延;自尊与父亲拖延、母亲拖延及子女拖延均存在显著负相关关系,自尊分别在父亲—子女拖延代际传递和母亲—子女拖延代际传递中起着完全中介作用;自我控制与父亲拖延、母亲拖延和子女拖延之间均呈显著负相关,自我控制只在父亲—子女拖延代际传递中起着完全中介作用;自尊和自我控制在父母拖延与子女拖延间存在链式中介作用。这表明中高年级小学生的拖延存在代际传递效应,这种拖延的代际传递现象,除了可以直观地理解成是小学生观察学习了父母的拖延外,还有更稳定和深层次的内部运作机制,即父母拖延通过小学生自尊或自尊与自我控制的链式中介影响小学生拖延,相比于母亲拖延可以通过小学生自尊影响小学生拖延,父亲拖延还可以通过小学生的自我控制影响其拖延。This study aimed to investigate pupils'intergenerational transmission of procrastination by integrating external environment factor(maternal and paternal procrastination)with psychological factors(self-esteem and self-control).Methods:A sample of 5664th-6th graders and their parents were recruited and completed the General Procrastination Scale-Student Version,Self-Esteem Scale,Self-Control Scale,and General Procrastination Scale-Adult Version.We tested the mediating role of self-esteem or self-control between maternal(or paternal)procrastination and pupils'procrastination,as well as the chain mediating role of self-esteem and self-control between maternal(or paternal)procrastination and pupils'procrastination.Results:both paternal and maternal procrastination can positively predict children's procrastination;self-esteem plays a completely intermediary role in father-child transmission of procrastination and mother-child transmission of procrastination,respectively;self-control only plays a complete intermediary role in the father-child transmission of procrastination self-esteem and self-control also play a chain mediating role between parental procrastination and children's procrastination.Conclusion:parental procrastination not only has a direct effect on children's procrastination,but also achieves indirect effects through children's self-esteem and self-control,and the chain mediating effect of self-esteem and self-control.

关 键 词：小学生 拖延 代际传递 自尊 自我控制 

分 类 号：G615[文化科学—学前教育学]