脉络膜在近视发展中的调控作用及其机制  

The regulatory role and mechanism of choroid in the development of myopia

作　　者：向爱群 曾芳(综述) 钟兴武(审校)[1] XIANG Aiqun;ZENG Fang;ZHONG Xingwu(State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology,Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science,Guangzhou 510060,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学中山眼科中心,眼病防治全国重点实验室,广东省眼科视觉科学重点实验室,广州510060

出　　处：《眼科学报》2024年第12期657-665,共9页Eye Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82271116),海南省临床医学中心,海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2022SHFZ326,LCYX202406)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着现代社会生活节奏的加快以及电子产品的普及,近视逐渐呈现低龄化、高发病率的趋势,成为不容忽视的公共卫生问题。动物和人类研究均发现,在近视的发展过程中,脉络膜表现出变薄的现象,并伴有血流量减少,这些变化与近视度数增加和眼轴增长呈正相关。研究表明,脉络膜厚度的变化不仅发生在近视初期,而是在近视进展阶段持续发生。此外,脉络膜血流量的调节也与近视的发生和发展密切相关,可能通过神经机制及生长因子的作用影响眼球的生长。光学相干断层扫描血管成像(optical coherence tomography angiography,OCTA)技术在探索近视进程中的脉络膜变化和血管功能方面展现了巨大的潜力。它能够提供无创性的脉络膜结构和血流信息,对于理解脉络膜在近视调控中的作用至关重要。未来的研究应当结合先进的OCTA技术,进一步探讨脉络膜在不同阶段近视中的具体变化及其背后的机制,特别是脉络膜血流调节与眼球生长之间的关系。深化对脉络膜在近视调控中作用的理解,将有助于开发有效的预防和控制措施,为近视防控策略提供理论依据。In recent years,with the acceleration of the pace of life in modern society and the popularization of electronic products,myopia has gradually affected younger individuals and has a higher incidence rate,becoming a public health problem that cannot be ignored.Both animal and human studies have found that during the development of myopia,the choroid exhibits thinning and is accompanied by reduced blood perfusion.These changes are positively correlated with increased myopia and axial growth.Studies have shown that changes in choroidal thickness not only occur in the early stages of myopia,but also continue to occur in the progression stage of myopia.In addition,the regulation of choroidal blood flow is also closely related to the occurrence and development of myopia,which may affect the growth of the eyeball through the action of neural mechanisms and growth factors.Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)technology has shown great potential in exploring choroidal changes and vascular function in the progression of myopia.It can provide non-invasive information on choroidal structure and blood flow,which is crucial for understanding the role of the choroid in the regulation of myopia.Future research should combine advanced OCTA technology to further explore the specific changes in the choroid in different stages of myopia and the underlying mechanisms,especially the relationship between choroidal blood flow regulation and eyeball growth.A better understanding of the role of choroid in myopia regulation will aid in developing effective prevention and control measures,providing a solid theoretical foundation for myopia prevention strategies.

关 键 词：近视 脉络膜厚度 脉络膜血流 神经调控 光学相干断层扫描血管成像 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科] R773.4[医药卫生—临床医学]