河流伦理的学理探究与认识思考  

Theoretical research and cognitive thinking on river ethics

作　　者：彭静[1] 彭文启[1] 李海红[1] 何凡[1] 柳长顺[1] Peng Jing;Peng Wenqi;Li Haihong;He Fan;Liu Changshun

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《中国水利》2024年第24期10-15,共6页China Water Resources

基　　金：水利部政策研究项目(WE110156B0032024);中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(WR110145B0032023)。

摘　　要：全球范围内人与河流的关系日趋紧张,部分地区河流健康损害严重,河水污染、河道萎缩甚至断流等危机使人类可持续发展陷入困境。导致河流危机的原因复杂,但最根本原因是对人与自然河流共同体关系认识不够。深入认识并阐释这一关系正是建构河流伦理的学理任务。在对河流伦理概念内涵分析的基础上,提出河流伦理聚焦处理和调节人与河流伦理关系所涉及的价值基准、道德准则、责任义务和行为规范;明确习近平生态文明思想是建构河流伦理的思想源头、根本遵循和行动指南,“建设造福人民的幸福河”是河流伦理价值目标的生动表述;从学理层面探讨人与河流道德共同体的内涵,分析河流权利和人类义务,以及河流伦理道德准则和行为规范,建构河流伦理学理框架;简要分析黄河伦理实践案例,梳理黄河困境、治理理念及治理成效,为增强河流伦理意识、强化保护河流责任、推动实现人与河流和谐共生提供科学依据。A stressful relationship between man and river has been seen around world.In some areas,the health of river has been seriously damaged.Crises such as pollution,degradation,and dry up of rivers have resulted in threat for sustainable development of human beings.The causes of river crises are complex,but lacking of understanding on the relationship between man and natural river community should be the main reason.Getting more knowledge and understanding shall be the main tasks of building academic theory of river ethics.Based on evaluation on connotation and concept of river ethics,discussions are made on value standards,code of ethics,responsibilities and obligations and code of conduct related to river ethics when it focuses on handling and regulating the relationship between man and river.Xi Jinping Thought on Eco-Civilization should be the ideological source,fundamental guidance and action guidelines for the establishment of river ethics,“building happy rivers that benefit the people”is a vivid expression of the value goal of river ethic.The connotation of moral community between man and river was analyzed from a theoretical perspective,as well as rights of rivers and obligations of human being,codes of ethics and conduct,and academic theory framework for river ethics.A brief review was made on practices in the Yellow River basin,by summarizing challenges,governance concepts and achievements,so as to provide a scientific basis for raising awareness,strengthening responsibilities for river protection and promoting harmonious coexistence between man and river.

关 键 词：河流伦理 权利与义务 道德准则 道德共同体 行为规范 黄河伦理 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]