论孔子思想的普遍主义精神与超越性维度  

On the Transcendental Dimension and Universalist Spirit of Confucius’Thought

作　　者：黄裕生[1] Huang Yusheng(Department of Philosophy,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084)

机构地区：[1]清华大学哲学系,北京100084

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2025年第1期119-134,159,160,共18页Zhejiang Social Sciences

摘　　要：在儒家流变史上,由早期的周孔并称到孔子被确立为儒家唯一代表性人物,并获称“万世师表”,而在域外,儒家甚至被等同于“孔子主义”,这传达出了孔子在儒家发展史上的突破性地位。孔子对周公的突破主要体现在这些方面:(1)把教育确立为具有独立价值的事业,从而开创了独立的教育事业;(2)确立了仁爱原则而发现了普遍的人自身;(3)基于仁爱原则确立起超越血缘亲情的本相伦理;(4)两个世界的划分与取舍。基于这些突破,孔子确立起了具有超越维度与普遍主义精神的“新儒学”,才开创了具有教化力量的教育事业,从而开启了承担人类普遍性原则的文化自觉与历史使命,进而开辟出了具有世界史意义的长时段历史。In the history of the evolution of Confucianism,from the early Zhou-Kong concurrence to the establishment of Confucius as the only representative figure of Confucianism and the“teacher of all ages”,and outside the region,Ruxue is even equated with“Confuciusism”,which conveys the breakthrough status of Confucius in the history of the development of Confucianism.The breakthroughs of Confucius to Zhou Gong are mainly reflected in these aspects:(1)the establishment of education as a cause with independent value,thus creating an independent educational cause;(2)the discovery of the universal human self by establishing the principle of benevolence;(3)the establishment of the self ethics beyond blood kinship based on the principle of benevolence;and(4)the division of the two worlds and the trade-offs between the two worlds.Based on these breakthroughs,Confucius established the“New Confucianism”with transcendental dimension and universalistic spirit,and then started the education business with the power of edification,thus opening up the cultural self-awareness and historical mission of assuming the principle of universality of human beings,and then opened up a long period of history with the significance of world history.

关 键 词：普遍的仁爱 普遍的自己 本相伦理 两个世界 

分 类 号：B222.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]