外泌体PD-L1在肿瘤免疫逃逸中的研究进展  

Research progress of Exosomal PD-L1 in tumor immune escape

作　　者：郭飞 陈巧玲[2] 宋俊梅 欧小田(综述) 别俊(审校) GUO Fei;CHEN Qiaoling;SONG Junmei;OU Xiaotian(reviewing);BIE Jun(checking)(North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan,China;Department of Oncology,Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital of Capital Medical University,Nanchong Central Hospital,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan,China;Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530022,China)

机构地区：[1]川北医学院,四川南充637000 [2]首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院南充医院·南充市中心医院肿瘤科,四川南充637000 [3]广西医科大学,广西南宁530022

出　　处：《西部医学》2025年第1期151-156,共6页Medical Journal of West China

基　　金：四川省卫计委科研课题(2023YFS0473);南充市市校科技战略合作专项项目(20SXQT0257)。

摘　　要：外泌体是一种通过细胞膜连续内陷形成的细胞外囊泡,可将细胞来源的蛋白质、RNA、脂质、DNA、细胞因子、转录因子等分子向受体细胞进行转移,并进行细胞间通讯。肿瘤细胞能比正常细胞分泌更多量的外泌体,可在循环血浆中分离、检测出来,且在肿瘤的发生发展、转移、耐药等过程中发挥重要作用。程序性细胞死亡蛋白配体-1(PD-L1)不只存在于肿瘤细胞膜上,还存在于外泌体膜上,即外泌体PD-L1(ExoPD-L1)。研究表明,ExoPD-L1可以在肿瘤微环境局部或远程与T细胞膜上的程序性细胞死亡蛋白受体-1(PD-1)相结合并引起T细胞免疫抑制,促进肿瘤进展。本文就ExoPD-L1与肿瘤微环境关系及其在肿瘤免疫逃逸中的作用和作为潜在生物标志物的研究进展做一综述。Exosomes are extracellular vesicles formed by continuous invagination of cell membranes.They can transfer proteins,RNA,lipids,DNA,cytokines,transcription factors and other molecules of cell origin to recipient cells and carry out intercellular communication.Tumor cells can secrete more exosomes than normal cells,which can be isolated and detected in circulating plasma and play an important role in the development,metastasis,drug resistance and other processes of tumors.Programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)is not only found in the tumor cell membrane,but also in the exosome membrane,namely exosomal PD-L1(ExoPD-L1).The study shows that ExoPD-L1 can locally or remotely bind into programmed cell death-1(PD-1)on the T cell membrane in the tumor microenvironment and cause T cell immunosuppression,promoting tumor progression.This review reviews the relationship between ExoPD-L1 and tumor microenvironment,its role in tumor immune escape and its potential biomarkers.

关 键 词：外泌体PD-L1 免疫逃逸 生物标志物 免疫治疗 

分 类 号：R73-3[医药卫生—肿瘤]