电子制造业员工职业倦怠、抑郁症状和失眠的相关性分析  

Association between job burnout,depressive symptoms,and insomnia among employees in electronic manufacturing industry

作　　者：李晓艺[1] 郭垚 赵容[4] 贾晓东 王瑾[6] 陈惠清[2] 刘晓曼[6] LI Xiaoyi;GUO Yao;ZHAO Rong;JIA Xiaodong;WANG Jin;CHEN Huiqing;LIU Xiaoman(Laboratory of Key Technology Research,Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China;Institute of Occupational Health Education and Promotion,Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China;Department of Occupational Health Monitoring,Foshan Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute(Foshan Occupational Health Research Institute),Foshan,Guangdong 528000,China;Institute of Occupational Health,Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100013,China;Shanghai Chemical Industry Park Medical Center,Shanghai 201507,China;Department of Health Promotion and Occupational Stress,National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院关键技术研究室,广东广州510300 [2]广东省职业病防治院职业健康教育与健康促进所,广东广州510300 [3]佛山市职业病防治所(佛山市职业健康研究院)职业卫生监测科,广东佛山528000 [4]北京市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生所,北京100013 [5]上海化学工业区医疗中心,上海201507 [6]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所健康促进与职业紧张研究室,北京100050

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2024年第11期1205-1212,共8页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(A2019498,B2019197,B2023176,A2024248)。

摘　　要：[背景]中国制造高质量发展催生产业转型升级,对电子制造业员工的技能提出更高要求,一定程度上诱发该人群产生职业倦怠和抑郁症状等心理健康问题,同时也导致失眠的发生,成为亟须关注和解决的公共健康问题。[目的]调查电子制造业员工职业倦怠、抑郁症状与失眠的关系。[方法]本研究于2019年9—11月通过判断抽样方法选择北京市、上海市和广东省4家电子制造业企业的3034名员工作为研究对象,采用《Maslach职业倦怠调查普适量表》《病人健康问卷抑郁量表》《自我睡眠管理问卷》调查其职业倦怠、抑郁症状和失眠症状,采用层次回归分析职业倦怠、抑郁症状和失眠的相关性。[结果]本次研究共发放3034份调查问卷,回收有效问卷2614份,回收有效率为86.2%。电子制造业员工职业倦怠、抑郁症状、失眠报告率分别为47.2%、19.5%和29.1%。职业倦怠、抑郁症状组人群失眠报告率分别高于无职业倦怠、无抑郁症状组,且组间差异均有统计学意义(35.3%vs.23.6%,47.2%vs.24.7%,均P<0.001)。层次回归分析结果显示,电子制造业员工职业倦怠可解释失眠的2.8%变异(P<0.001);在此基础上纳入抑郁症状,可解释失眠的1.2%变异(P<0.001)。[结论]电子制造业员工职业倦怠和抑郁症状水平均可影响其失眠状况。[Background]The high-quality development of manufacturing in China has spurred industrial transformation and upgrading,placing higher demands on the skills of employees in the electronic manufacturing industry.This situation may induce psychological health problems such as job burnout and depressive symptoms in the employees,and also lead to insomnia,which has become a public health problem that urgently needs attention and solution.[Objective]To investigate the relationship between job burnout,depressive symptoms,and insomnia among employees in the electronic manufacturing industry.[Methods]A total of 3034 employees from four electronic manufacturing companies in Beijing City,Shanghai City,and Guangdong Province were selected using judgment sampling from September to November 2019.The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey,Patient Health Questionnaire-9,and Self-Administered Sleep Questionnaire were used to collect data.The correlation between job burnout,depressivesymptoms,and insomnia was evaluated by hierarchical regression.[Results]A total of 3034 survey questionnaires were distributed,and 2614 valid questionnaires were collected,with a response effectivenessrate of 86.2%.The reporting rates of job burnout,depressive symptoms,and insomnia among employees in the electronic manufacturingindustry were 47.2%,19.5%,and 29.1%,respectively.The reporting rates of insomnia of employees in the job burnout groupand depressive symptoms group were higher than those in the non-job burnout group and non-depressive symptoms group(35.3%vs.23.6%,47.2%vs.24.7%,P<0.001).The results of hierarchical regression showed that job burnout explained 2.8%of the variation of insomnia(P<0.001),and the inclusion of depressive symptoms explained 1.2%of the variation of insomnia(P<0.001).[Conclusion]Job burnout and depressive symptoms could both affect insomnia of employees in the electronic manufacturing industry.

关 键 词：电子制造业 职业倦怠 抑郁症状 失眠 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]