国家级专精特新企业智慧专业化评价——基于547家“小巨人”的实证分析  

Evaluation of the Smart Specialization of National-level Specialized,Refined,Differentiated,and Innovative Enterprises--Based on an Empirical Analysis of 547‘Little Giants’

作　　者：杨菲 钟书华[1] Yang Fei;Zhong Shuhua(School of Public Administration,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2025年第1期65-77,共13页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：中国工程院国际合作战略研究与咨询项目“世界主要国家学术、工程、职业发展体系研究”(2022-GJ-03)。

摘　　要：基于智慧专业化视角,设计由知识竞争力、创新网络嵌入性、产品专业化构成的“三维一体”评价框架,构建专精特新企业智慧专业化评价指标体系,利用纵横向拉开档次法、熵权TOPSIS法、灰色关联法,对2011—2022年547家“小巨人”开展实证分析。评价结果显示,547家企业分别属于领航企业、上坡企业、下坡企业、落后企业,智慧专业化水平整体呈“两头少,中间多”的正态分布特点;知识竞争力、创新网络嵌入性对专精特新企业智慧专业化的影响相对更大;非金属矿物制品业、汽车制造业的专精特新企业智慧专业化水平均值呈波动减少特征,化学原料及化学制品制造业、医药制造业等13个行业的呈波动增长特征;东部地区的领航企业和上坡企业占比最大,高智慧专业化水平企业集中分布于东部和东北地区。Based on the perspective of smart specialization,a“three-dimensional integration”evaluation framework composed of knowledge competitiveness,innovation network embeddedness,and product specialization is designed,the evaluation index system for the smart specialization of specialized,refined,differentiated,and innovative(SRDI)enterprises is constructed,the longitudinal and horizontal level-opening method,entropy weight TOPSIS,and gray correlation analysis are used to conduct empirical analysis on 547“little giants”from 2011 to 2022.The evaluation results show that the 547 enterprises belong to leading enterprises,uphill enterprises,downhill enterprises,and backward enterprises,and the overall level of smart specialization of these enterprises presents a normal distribution characteristic of less at both ends and more in the middle.Knowledge competitiveness and innovation network embeddedness have a relatively greater impact on the smart specialization of SRDI enterprises.The average level of smart specialization of SRDI enterprises in non-metallic mineral products industry and automobile manufacturing industry both show a characteristic of fluctuation and decrease,while that of 13 industries such as chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry and pharmaceutical manufacturing industry show a characteristic of fluctuation and growth.The eastern region has the largest proportion of leading and uphill enterprises,and enterprises with high-level smart specialization are concentrated in the eastern and northeastern regions.

关 键 词：专精特新企业 智慧专业化 小巨人 评价框架 组合评价 

分 类 号：F276.3[经济管理—企业管理]