质形论的复兴与当代心灵哲学  

The Revival of Hylomorphism and Contemporary Philosophy of Mind

作　　者：程炜[1] Cheng Wei

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国哲学研究所暨哲学系,北京100871

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2024年第12期142-159,202,203,共20页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：质形论是亚里士多德最具代表性的理论,深刻地影响了后世哲学的发展,成为中世纪最具统治力的哲学理论之一。然而,伴随着近代科学革命的兴起,这一理论逐渐被“打入冷宫”,甚至直到20世纪末,对于它的关注也以历史研究为主导,如哲学史或思想史。令人惊讶的是,质形论近年来重新得到哲学家的青睐。作为一个独特的理论选项,它在多个哲学领域,尤其是形而上学和心灵哲学中经历了复兴,甚至被认为是解决不少核心理论疑难的钥匙。批判性地考察当代心灵哲学中新兴的质形论,勾勒其复兴的背景、动机和内容,有助于探究它们的意义、局限及其与经典质形论的关系。Hylomorphism,widely regarded as Aristotle's most representative theory,profoundly shaped the development of later philosophies,establishing itself as one of the defining philosophical frameworks of the Middle Ages.With the advent of the modern scientific revolution,however,this theory was increasingly marginalized.In recent years,hylomorphism has witnessed a revival,earning renewed interest from philosophers.As a distinctive theoretical approach,it has found application in several philosophical fieldsmost notably in metaphysics and the philosophy of mindand has even been regarded as a potential solution to many core theoretical problems.This paperrcritically examines contemporary forms of hylomorphism in the philosophy of mind,offering an analysis of the background,theoretical motivations,and core aspects of this revival,clarifying their relation to classical hylomorphism as well as their current significance and limitations.

关 键 词：亚里士多德 新亚里士多德主义 质形论 心灵哲学 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]