电动汽车永磁同步电动机全速域模型预测控制算法研究  

Research on Model Predictive Control Algorithm for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors in Electric Vehicles across the Full Speed Range

作　　者：王瀚 邬忠萍 郑毅[1] 王凯 邓萍 颜俊先 WANG Han;WU Zhongping;ZHENG Yi;WANG Kai;DENG Ping;YAN Junxian(School of Automotive and Transportation,Chengdu Technological University,Chengdu 611730,China)

机构地区：[1]成都工业学院汽车与交通学院,成都611730

出　　处：《成都工业学院学报》2025年第1期1-6,20,共7页Journal of Chengdu Technological University

基　　金：成都工业学院人才项目(2023RC054);四川省大学生创新创业训练计划(S202311116092)。

摘　　要：针对电动汽车永磁同步电动机的宽调速范围要求,提出一种全速域模型预测控制方法。首先,建立永磁同步电动机的预测电流模型,并对预测电流进行了时延补偿以提升控制算法性能,在目标函数项中加入开关频率惩罚项,以平衡电机的电流谐波和开关损耗。其次,分析永磁同步电动机在线性速域和弱磁域的控制策略和电流轨迹,推导电机的最大转矩电流比控制,并采用前馈弱磁控制算法,实现全速域下的参考电流给定。最后,在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建控制系统模型,对控制算法进行仿真验证。结果表明,控制算法能够在低速、中速和高速下实现较低的电流谐波性能和快速的动态响应能力。Aiming at the wide speed range requirements of permanent magnet synchronous motors in electric vehicles,a full speed range model predictive control method was proposed.First,the predictive current model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor was established,and time delay compensation was applied to the predictive current to enhance the performance of the control algorithm.A switch frequency penalty term was added to the objective function to balance the motor's current harmonics and switching losses.Next,based on theoretical formulas,the control strategies and current trajectories of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in the linear speed range and flux-weakening range were analyzed.The maximum torque-current ratio control of the motor was derived,and a feedforward flux-weakening control algorithm was proposed to achieve reference current generation across the full speed range.Finally,a control system model was built in MATLAB/Simulink,and the control algorithm was simulated and verified.The results show that the control algorithm can achieve lower current harmonic performance and fast dynamic response capabilities at low,medium,and high speeds.

关 键 词：电动汽车 永磁同步电动机 模型预测控制 弱磁控制 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]