自我效能感和负面评价恐惧在研究生感知导师自主支持与消极沉默间的链式中介效应  

The chain mediating effect of self-efficacy and fear of negative evaluation on the relationship between perceived mentor autonomy support and negative silence in graduate students

作　　者：莫捷 姜幼明 李磊 程璠 赵琛 解华 MO Jie;JIANG You-ming;LI Lei;CHENG Fan;ZHAO Chen;XIE Hua(Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Bejing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学研究生院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2024年第12期1124-1128,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：全国中医药研究生教育研究课题(YJS-YB-2023-20);全国中医药研究生教育研究课题(YJS-YB-2023-46)。

摘　　要：目的了解研究生的感知导师自主支持、一般自我效能感、负面评价恐惧、消极沉默现状,分析一般自我效能感、负面评价恐惧在导师自主支持与研究生消极沉默间的作用。方法采用消极沉默量表、一般自我效能感量表、简明负面评价恐惧量表(正向计分)和导师自主支持量表对北京市某中医院校的部分在读研究生进行调查,采用Pearson偏相关分析各变量间的相关性,采用Bootstrap法分析变量间的中介效应。结果北京市某中医院校在读研究生的消极沉默得分为(3.07±0.88)分,一般自我效能感得分为(2.94±0.50)分,负面评价恐惧得分为(2.97±0.96)分,感知导师自主支持得分为(4.08±0.82)分。Pearson偏相关分析结果显示,导师自主支持与消极沉默(r=-0.162)、负面评价恐惧(r=-0.135)呈负相关,与自我效能感(r=0.375)呈正相关;消极沉默与自我效能感(r=-0.244)呈负相关,与负面评价恐惧(r=0.348)呈正相关;自我效能感与负面评价恐惧(r=-0.370)呈负相关(P<0.05)。Bootstrap检验结果显示,新生的感知导师自主支持与其消极沉默间效应不显著。老生的一般自我效能感和负面评价恐惧在感知导师自主支持与消极沉默间起部分链式中介效应,直接效应值为-0.146(95%CI:-0.287~-0.011),占总效应的69.30%;中介效应值为-0.036(95%CI:-0.072~-0.012),占总效应的16.74%。结论研究生的消极沉默一定程度上是由其负面评价恐惧引起的,而导师的自主支持不仅能直接降低其消极沉默程度,还可通过一般自我效能感和负面评价恐惧的链式中介效应间接地发挥作用。Objective To understand the current situation of graduate students'perception of mentor autonomy support,general self-efficacy,fear of negative evaluation,and negative silence,and to analyze the role of general self-efficacy and fear of negative evaluation in the relationship between mentor autonomy support and graduate students'negative silence.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on some graduate students in a traditional Chinese medicine university in Beijing using the Negative Silence Scale,General Self Efficacy Scale,Brief Negative Evaluation Fear Scale(positive scoring),and Mentor Autonomy Support Scale.Pearson partial correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between variables,and Bootstrap method was used to analyze the mediating effect between variables.Results The negative silence score of graduate students in a traditional Chinese medicine university in Beijing was(3.07±0.88)points,the general self-efficacy score was(2.94±0.50)points,the fear of negative evaluation score was(2.97±0.96)points,and the perceived mentor autonomy support score was(4.08±0.82)points.Pearson partial correlation analysis showed that mentor autonomy support was negatively correlated with negative silence(r=-0.162)and fear of negative evaluation(r=-0.135),and positively correlated with self-efficacy(r=0.375);Negative silence is negatively correlated with selfefficacy(r=-0.244)and positively correlated with fear of negative evaluation(r=0.348);There is a negative correlation between self-efficacy and fear of negative evaluation(r=-0.370)(P<0.05).The Bootstrap test results showed that freshmen's mentor autonomy support had no effect on negative silence.The mechanism by which general self-efficacy and fear of negative evaluation of elderly students perceive the relationship between mentor autonomy support and negative silence is a partial chain mediation effect,with a direct effect value of-0.146(95%CI:-0.287~-0.011),accounting for69.30%of the total effect,and a mediation effect value of-0.036(95%CI:-0.072

关 键 词：研究生 导师自主支持 消极沉默 负面评价恐惧 自我效能感 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]