《魏故臨洮王妃楊氏墓誌》與魏末帝位異動  

The Newly Found Epitaph of Yang Aofei and the Change of Throne in the Late Northern Wei Dynasty

作　　者：張瀟文 Zhang Xiaowen

机构地区：[1]復旦大學歷史學系

出　　处：《唐研究》2024年第1期403-422,共20页Journal of Tang Studies

摘　　要：《魏故臨洮王妃楊氏墓誌》誌高67釐米,長68.5釐米。全文27行,足行27字。墓誌出土時間不詳,於2014年在洛陽市新安縣農家灶臺被發現,現藏於山西大同西京文化博物館[1]。拓片及録文見於大同北朝藝術研究院編著《北朝藝術研究院藏品圖録·墓誌》[2](下簡稱《圖録》)、殷憲《北魏臨洮王妃楊氏墓誌考述》[3](下簡稱《考述》)、張永華等編《秦晋豫新出墓誌蒐佚三編》[4]。Yang Aofei楊奧妃was the wife of Yuan Yu元愉,the third son of Emperor Xiaowen孝文帝of the Northern Wei dynasty.According to her epitaph and the Weishu魏書,she was a singer in Xuzhou徐州in her early years and married Yuan Yu when he was appointed governor of Xuzhou.After Emperor Xuanwu宣武帝forced Yuan Yu to marry consort Yu于妃,Yang was demoted to a concubine.In 508,Yuan Yu rebelled in Jizhou冀州and elevated Yang to empress.His rebellion was unsuccessful and he was soon put to death.Yang and their children were imprisoned at the Court of Imperial Clan(Zongzhengsi宗正寺)in Luoyang洛陽for half a year and Yang was executed after she gave birth to a daughter.Yuan Yu and Yang had four sons and one daughter.Under Emperor Xiaoming's孝明帝reign,their children were raised by various royal families and were looked after and protected by Empress Dowager Hu胡太后.After the incident of Heyin河陰之變,Yuan Yu's third son Yuan Baoju元寶炬and his daughter Yuan Mingyue元明月gradually approached Yuan Xiu元修who later became Emperor Xiaowu孝武帝,and then moved west with him to Guanzhong關中.Emperor Xiaowu committed incest with Yuan Mingyue and Yuwen Tai宇文泰forced the royal family to kill Mingyue after moving into the Guanzhong.This exacerbated his conflict with Yuan Xiu,and then he killed Yuan Xiu.These actions were probably for testing the royal family.Considering that Yuan Baoju was appointed as emperor,it is very likely that he took a stand in the killing of Yuan Mingyue.The fates of Yang and her children were closely linked to the political turmoil in the late Northern Wei dynasty.It is also worth noticing that after the death of Emperor Xiaoming,Empress Dowager Hu appointed Yuan Yu's grandson Yuan Zhao元釗to preserve her power.It shows the institutional tradition of the forced death of birth mother of the heir(ziguimusi子貴母死)and“two sages”in the Northern Wei dynasty continued even after the death of Emperor Xiaoming until the incident of Heyin.

关 键 词：墓誌 西京 考述 山西大同 北魏 録文 王妃 北朝 

分 类 号：K239.21[历史地理—历史学] K877.45[历史地理—中国史] D691[政治法律—政治学]