以营养钵为载体的沉水植物种植装置设计  

Design of submerged plant planting device using nutrient bowl as carrier

作　　者：陈吉朋 张雨秋 汪令昊 周宏平[1] CHEN Jipeng;ZHANG Yuqiu;WANG Linghao;ZHOU Hongping(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京210037

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2025年第1期113-119,共7页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(20)3067)。

摘　　要：构建沉水植物群落是湖泊生态修复的重要手段。面向沉水植物机械化种植的需求,提出一种以营养钵为载体的沉水植物种植新方法。该方法将沉水植物秧苗、种子等预植入营养钵中,形成标准种植单元,然后进行机械化种植。首先,给出种植装置的总体设计方案;其次,针对种植末端执行装置、驱动装置、传感检测等关键结构进行了设计和选型,介绍了种植装置的控制系统设计方案;然后,基于SolidWorks研究了营养钵在种植仿真过程中的静力学特性,分析了营养钵用于沉水植物机械化种植的可行性;最后,以典型的沉水植物苦草为例,开展了机械化种植试验。结果表明,提出的沉水植物种植新方法可行,所设计的种植装置可实现沉水植物标准单元的种植作业,为湖泊、河流等水体的生态修复机械装备研发提供了原理验证。Constructing submerged plant communities is an important means of lake ecological restoration.Aiming at satisfying the demand for mechanized planting of submerged plants,a new method of planting submerged plants using nutrient bowls as carriers was proposed.This method involved pre⁃implanting submerged plant seedlings,seeds,etc.into nutrient bowls to form a standard planting unit.The nutrient bowl was then implanted into the underwater soil through a linear motion device for mechanized planting operations.This method can effectively prevent the disorderly entanglement of seedlings,which was more conducive to the combination and standardized planting of different submerged plants,providing nutritional conditions for plants after planting,improving survival rates,and the required mechanical device structure was simple and easy to achieve mechanized operation.Firstly,the overall design scheme of the planting device was developed,which included the end effector,driving device,sensor,control system,etc.Secondly,the design and selection of key structures such as the planting end effector,driving device,and sensing detection were carried out,supplemented by kinematic simulation to prove the rationality of the structural design of the planting end effector.The control system design scheme of the planting device was introduced.Then,to ensure that the nutrient bowl was not damaged due to excessive force deformation during the planting process,the static characteristics of the nutrient bowl during the planting simulation process were studied using SolidWorks.The feasibility of using the nutrient bowl for mechanized planting of submerged plants was analyzed to ensure that it can meet the planting strength of common silt soil submerged plants.Finally,a mechanized planting experiment was conducted using silt soil from real water bodies as the planting environment and a typical submerged plant,Kucao,as the experimental plant.The results showed that the proposed new method for planting submerged plants was feasible,and the des

关 键 词：沉水植物 机械化 种植装置 标准化种植 营养钵 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学] TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]