栝楼蔓枯病病原鉴定及不同中草药提取物的抑菌活性研究  

Identification of the pathogen causing gummy stem blight on Trichosanthes kirilo-wii and screening of Chinese herbal medicine extracts for effective inhibition of the disease

作　　者：陈东芳 曹舜 李卫文[3] 何艳秋 王传文 程有余 尹登科 赵伟 谢冬梅 CHEN Dongfang;CAO Shun;LI Weiwen;HE Yanqiu;WANG Chuanwen;CHENG Youyu;YIN Dengke;ZHAO Wei;XIE Dongmei(College of Pharmacy,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Hefei 230012,China;Institute of Plant Protection and Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;Institute of Horticulture,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;Qianshan County Chuanwen Melon Seeds Co.,Ltd.,Qianshan 246300,China;Anhui Youyu Kuayue Gualou Food Development Co.,Ltd.,Qianshan 246300,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽中医药大学药学院,合肥230012 [2]安徽省农业科学院植物保护与农产品质量安全研究所,合肥230031 [3]安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所,合肥230031 [4]潜山市传文瓜子有限公司,潜山246300 [5]安徽有余跨越瓜蒌食品开发有限公司,潜山246300

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2024年第6期1188-1197,共10页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：安徽中医药大学-潜山市医药健康发展技术研究中心科研攻关项目(2021QSHZ01-2);中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302)。

摘　　要：为探明栝楼蔓枯病的发生情况及病原种类,筛选出针对该病害的高效植物源抑菌剂,本研究对安徽省潜山市栝楼基地蔓枯病的田间症状进行了调查,对其病原进行了分离和纯化。根据形态学和分子生物学鉴定结果,将栝楼蔓枯病病原确定为Stagonosporopsis caricae。通过室内抑菌试验,测定了20种中草药提取物对S.caricae的抑菌活性,发现当提取物质量浓度为15 mg·mL^(-1)时,蛇床子、博落回提取物对S.caricae的抑制率>90%,苦参、虎杖提取物的抑制率>80%;蛇床子和苦参提取物对该病菌的EC_(50)值分别为0.1648~0.5289和0.7347~0.8332 mg·mL^(-1),抑菌活性最为明显。该研究为栝楼蔓枯病的绿色防控提供了理论依据。To investigate the occurrence of gummy stem blight(GSB)on Trichosanthes kirilowii and the causing pathogen of the disease,and to screen effective plant-derived antimicrobial agents,we collected the plants with symptoms of GSB at T.kirilowii-planting regions in Qianshan City,Anhui Province,and conducted pathogen isolation and purification experiments.Based on morphological characteristics and the result of molecular identification,the isolates were identified as Stagonosporopsis caricae.Meanwhile,the inhibitory effects of 20 Chinese herbal medicine extracts against S.caricae were determined,and over 90%inhibition rate was obtained when ethanol extract from Cnidii Fructus(CF)or Macleaya Fructus(MF)was used at a concentration of 15 mg·mL^(-1),while over 80%inhibition rate for Sophorae Flavescentis Radix(SFR)or Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix(PCRR)extract.Further tests showed that both CF and SFR extracts showed significant inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of S.caricae,with EC_(50) values of 0.1648-0.5289 and 0.7347-0.8332 mg·mL^(-1),respectively.This study provides a theoretical basis for the environment-friendly control of GSB on T.kirilowii.

关 键 词：栝楼 蔓枯病 分子鉴定 中草药提取物 抑菌 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]