“阶级意识”问题的历史嬗变——从马克思、卢卡奇到拉克劳  

The Historical Evolution of“Class Consciousness”--From Marx,Lukacs to Laclau

作　　者：王启立 刘子飞 WANG Qili;LIU Zifei(School of Marxism,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China;School of Marxism,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院,天津300350 [2]河北工业大学马克思主义学院,天津300401

出　　处：《忻州师范学院学报》2024年第6期109-114,共6页Journal of Xinzhou Teachers University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(16ZDA101)。

摘　　要：为了实现无产阶级解放以及人类解放,马克思不仅在客观层面上研究了社会主义革命得以爆发的历史条件,而且在主观层面上根据是否具有阶级意识,把无产阶级运动的历史划分为自在阶段和自为阶段。20世纪初,在思索西欧社会主义革命为何纷纷失败时,卢卡奇把阶级意识同总体性理论联系在了一起,寄希望在新的条件下复兴无产阶级的阶级意识,恢复无产阶级的总体性。20世纪80年代,拉克劳借口使阶级范畴历史化,不仅解构掉了马克思主义中无产阶级主体的先验性,而且利用基于话语理论的身份意识消解掉了阶级意识,从而倡导一种多元的政治主体构想。In order to realize the liberation of the proletariat and the liberation of mankind,Marx not only studied the historical conditions for the outbreak of the socialist revolution at the objective level,but also divided the history of the proletarian movement into phases in it-self and in itself according to the class consciousness or not at the subjective level.At the beginning of the 20th century,when thinking about the failure of socialist revolutions in Western Europe,Lukacs linked class consciousness with the theory of totality,hoping to revive the class consciousness of the proletariat and restore the totality of the proletariat under new conditions.In the 198Os,Laclaut made class cate-gory historicized on the pretext that he not only deconstructed the transcendental nature of proletarian subject in Marxism,but also used the i-dentity consciousness based on discourse theory to dissolve class consciousness,thus advocating a pluralistic political subject concept.

关 键 词：阶级意识 马克思 卢卡奇 拉克劳 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]