一株耐高氨氮异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌的筛选及降解动力学分析  

Isolation and degradation kinetic analysis of a heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification strain tolerant to high-strength ammonium

作　　者：汪诺 刀禹 覃星雨 孙德智[1] 刘新颖[1] WANG Nuo;DAO Yu;QIN Xing-yu;SUN De-zhi;LIU Xin-ying(Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Source Control Technology,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院,北京市水体污染源控制技术重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第1期500-507,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52300075);国家自然科学基金项目(642201053)。

摘　　要：从处理含高碳、氮浓度废水的反应器中筛选出一株耐高氨氮的异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌WN1,通过菌落形态以及16S rDNA分析鉴定为谷氨酸棒杆菌Corynebacterium glutamicum.对该菌在初始氨氮浓度分别为500,1000,1500,2000,2500,3000mg/L的生长及代谢特性进行研究.结果表明,菌株WN1在氨氮浓度高达3000mg/L,对应游离氨浓度为590.2mg/L时仍能较好生长(48h,OD_(600)=3.264).随着初始氨氮浓度由500提升至3000mg/L,菌株WN1的最大氨氮转化速率R_(m)由15.93增加至43.29mg/(L·h).同时,反应过程中氨氮和COD的平均转化速率分别为7.06~9.36mg/(L·h)和95.63~199.13mg/(L·h).进一步,采用Haldane模型拟合不同初始氨氮浓度下菌株的生长及基质降解特性(R^(2)=0.99),菌株WN1的最大比生长速率、最大氨氮比降解速率和最大COD比降解速率分别为0.36h^(-1)、6.45gN/(gDCW·d),122.85gCOD/(gDCW·d).菌株WN1的氨氮抑制常数Ki为3749.49mg/L,比其它自养或异养的氨氧化菌对高浓度氨氮具有更强的抗抑制能力,结果表明,菌株WN1在处理高浓度含氮有机废水中具有很好的应用前景.A heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification(HNAD)strain WN1 with significant tolerance against high ammonium concentrations was isolated from a reactor treating high-strength ammonium organic wastewater.Based on colony morphology and 16S rDNA analysis,it was identified as Corynebacterium glutamicum.The growth and metabolic characteristics of WN1 were studied under different initial ammonium concentrations of 500,1000,1500,2000,2500 and 3000mg/L,respectively.The results showed that strain WN1 could still grow well(48h,OD_(600)=3.264)at an initial ammonium concentration of 3000mg/L,corresponding to a free ammonia concentration of 590.2mg/L.As initial ammonium concentrations increased from 500 to 3000mg/L,the maximum ammonium conversion rate(R(m))of strain WN1increased from 15.93 to 43.29mg/(L·h).Additionally,the average conversion rates of ammonium and COD were 7.06~9.36mg/(L·h)and 95.63~199.13mg/(L·h),respectively.Furthermore,the Haldane model was used to characterize the growth and substrate degradation properties of strain WN1under different initial ammonium concentrations(R^(2)=0.99).Strain WN1had a maximum specific growth rate of u_(max)=0.36h^(-1),a maximum specific ammonium degradation rate of r_(max)=6.45gN/(gDCW·d),and a maximum specific COD degradation rate of r_(max)=122.85gCOD/(gDCW·d).The ammonium inhibition constant Ki of strain WN1was 3749.49mg/L,indicating greater resistance to high ammonium concentrations compared with other autotrophic or heterotrophic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria.The results suggest that strain WN1is promising for treating high-strength ammonium organic wastewater.

关 键 词：异养硝化-好氧反硝化 动力学 高氨氮 游离氨 比降解速率 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]