增温和降水变化对旱作农田土壤细菌群落结构和功能的影响  

Effects of warming and precipitation changes on the structure and function of soil bacterial communities in dry-crop farmland

作　　者：田瑞 寇谨 胡啸 张鹏 雷俊[2] 王鹤龄[2] 吕晓东 TIAN Rui;KOU Jin;HU Xiao;ZHANG Peng;LEI Jun;WANG He-ling;LYU Xiao-dong(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction in Gansu Province,Lanzhou Institute of Arid Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Lanzhou 730020,China;Observation Station of Subalpine Ecology Systems in the Middle Qilian Mountains,Zhangye 73400,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [3]祁连山中部亚高山生态系统野外科学观测研究站,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第1期508-518,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室基金项目(IAM202102);国家自然科学基金项目(41775107);中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2024J056)。

摘　　要：设置对照(CK),增温(W),降水量增加(+P30),降水量减少(-P30),增温和降水量增加(W+P30)和增温和降水量减少(W-P30)6个处理,开展了增温和降水变化对旱作农田土壤细菌群落结构和功能影响的田间试验.采用宏基因组测序研究不同处理下土壤细菌群落的组成、多样性、网络结构和代谢功能特征.结果表明,W和W+P30处理显著增加了α变形菌纲的相对丰度,W+P30处理显著增加了绿弯菌门未定名属的相对丰度,W、+P30、W+P30和W-P30处理显著降低了放线菌门未定名属的相对丰度.+P30处理显著提高了Shannon指数、Simpson指数和Pielou指数,但W-P30处理显著降低了细菌的α多样性指数.增温、降水变化及其交互对细菌群落β多样性的影响存在显著差异.W、+P30、W+P30和W-P30处理的复杂性和连接性高于CK,但-P30处理的相关参数低于CK.W、-P30和W+P30处理增加了连接节点的数量,但+P30和W-P30处理没有增加连接节点的数量.W处理显著增加了循环系统的相对丰度,+P30处理显著降低了外源物质降解和代谢的相对丰度,-P30处理显著降低了排泄系统的相对丰度,W+P30处理显著降低了核苷酸代谢的相对丰度.增温、降水变化(降水量增加或减少)及其交互作用对小麦田土壤细菌群落结构和代谢功能有显著影响.In this study,Six treatments were established:a control(CK),warming(W),increased precipitation(+P30),decreased precipitation(-P30),increased warming and precipitation(W+P30),and increased warming and decreased precipitation(W-P30).Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of warming and precipitation changes on the structure and function of soil bacterial communities in dry-crop farmland.Macro-genome sequencing was exployed to examine the composition,diversity,network structure and metabolic function characteristics of soil bacterial communities under varying treatments.The results demonstrated that the W and W+P30 treatments significantly elevated the relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria,while the W+P30 treatment notably increased the relative abundance of unclassified Chloroflexi.Conversely,the W,+P30,W+P30,and W-P30 treatments significantly reduced the relative abundance of unclassified Actinomycetia.The+P30 treatment resulted in a significant increase in the Shannon,Simpson and Pielou indices,whereas the W-P30 treatment led to a significant reduction in the alpha diversity index of bacteria.Significant differences were observed in the effects of warming,precipitation changes and their interactions on theβ-diversity of the bacterial community.The W,+P30,W+P30 and W-P30 treatments exhibited higher complexity and connectivity than the CK treatment.However,the-P30 treatment exhibited lower relevant parameters than CK.The W,-P30 and W+P30 treatments demonstrated an increase in the number of connectivity nodes,whereas the+P30 and W-P30 treatments did not exhibit this increase.The W treatment led to a notable increase in the relative abundance of the circulatory system,while the+P30 treatment resulted in a significantly decreased the relative abundance of xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism.The-P30 treatment led to a considerable decrease in the relative abundance of the excretory system,and the W+P30 treatment caused a notable decrease in the relative abundance of nucleotide metabolism

关 键 词：增温效应 降水量变化 旱作农田 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]