模型预测控制的新能源汽车升压充电系统控制研究  

Research on the Control of Booster Charging System for New Energy Vehicles Based on Model Predictive Control

作　　者：贾超 蒋晓明 刘晓光 Jia Chao;Jiang Xiaoming;Liu Xiaoguang(Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing,Wuyi University,Jiangmen,Guangdong 529020,China;Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing,Guangdong Academy of Science,Guangzhou 510070,China)

机构地区：[1]五邑大学智能制造学部,广东江门529020 [2]广东省科学院智能制造研究所,广州510070

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2025年第1期123-127,134,共6页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2020B090928002);珠海市产学研合作项目(ZH22017001210029PWC)。

摘　　要：以新能源汽车驱动复用式升压充电系统中三相交错并联Boost变换器为研究对象,针对系统在运行过程中动态响应速度慢、稳态特性差等问题,引入模型预测控制算法,对其展开研究分析。以单相Boost电路工作为例,建立了系统状态空间方程,并通过离散化处理建立了预测电流模型。根据变换器控制系统的运行约束和性能指标,确定了适当的目标价值函数,并计算出最小化目标函数值的最优占空比表达式。最后,利用MATLAB/Simulink构建了变换器仿真模型,验证了所提出的控制策略的可行性,并针对变换器输出电压响应速度慢、电压超调以及抗干扰性能差等问题与PI双闭环控制策略进行对比分析。仿真结果显示,相较于传统PI控制系统,模型预测控制系统的电压调节时间提升了62.3%,且无明显超调;当输入电压和负载发生扰动时,其电压偏差值分别降低了56.3%和85.8%,稳态时间分别提升了37.3%和51.3%。由此可知,该所设计模型预测控制器能够满足升压充电系统应用需求,具有更好的动态响应、稳态特性以及鲁棒性能。The three-phase interlaced parallel Boost converter in the multiplexed boost charging system of new energy vehicles is taken as the research object,and the model predictive control algorithm is introduced to analyze the problems of slow dynamic response speed and poor steady-state characteristics of the system during operation.Taking the single-phase Boost circuit as an example,the system state space equation is established,and the prediction current model is established through discretization processing.According to the operating constraints and performance indicators of the converter control system,the appropriate objective value function is determined,and the optimal duty cycle expression that minimizes the value of the objective function is calculated.Finally,the simulation model of the converter is constructed by using MATLAB/Simulink,the feasibility of the proposed control strategy is verified,and the problems of slow output voltage response,voltage overshoot and poor anti-interference performance of the converter are compared with the PI double closed-loop control strategy.The simulation results show that compared with the traditional PI control system,the voltage regulation time of the model predicted control system is increased by 62.3%without obvious overshoot,and when the input voltage and load are disturbed,the voltage deviation value is reduced by 56.3%and 85.8%,respectively,and the steady-state time is increased by 37.3%and 51.3%,respectively.It can be seen that the model prediction controller designed by the institute can meet the application requirements of the step-up charging system,and has better dynamic response,steady-state characteristics and robust performance.

关 键 词：新能源汽车 交错并联 BOOST变换器 PI双闭环控制 模型预测控制 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]